Pb的过量值对溶胶-水热法合成钙钛矿型PZT反铁电陶瓷粉体的影响

采用溶胶-水热法合成了具有单一钙钛矿结构的PZT反铁电陶瓷粉体.根据课题组前期的实验结果,选取的水热反应温度为180℃,水热反应时间为24 h,矿化剂KOH的浓度为3 mol/L,探讨了Pb的过量值对合成PZT陶瓷粉体的影响.实验发现,Pb的过量值过低,不足以补偿反应过程中Pb的损失量,A位的Pb缺失易导致PZT粉体结晶度的下降,颗粒结晶不完整.随着Pb过量值的增加,颗粒结晶增强,结晶也越完整.当Pb过量增加到10;时,实验获得了结晶良好的PZT粉体.因此,本实验Pb的最佳过量值为10;.     

RIG型磁光薄膜的研究进展及应用

随着光通信技术与光子集成电路的发展,非互易性器件作为光通信系统中重要的组成部分得到了越来越广泛的研究与应用。基于磁光效应制成的磁光隔离器和环行器是目前应用最为广泛的非互易性器件,为了将非互易性器件整块集成在硅片上,需制备性能与块状磁光材料相当的磁光薄膜。在近红外通信波段(1 550 nm),以钇铁石榴石(Y₃Fe₅O₁₂,YIG)为代表的稀土铁石榴石(RIG)具备优良的磁光效应,是最具应用前景的磁光材料之一。研究发现,使用稀土离子对YIG薄膜进行掺杂可以有效改善其磁光性能,尤其是Bi³⁺和Ce³⁺掺杂的YIG表现出巨法拉第效应。本文首先介绍了法拉第效应原理,介绍了三种常见磁光薄膜的生长方法,回顾了近年来的主要研究成果,介绍了磁光薄膜在光隔离器和环行器中的应用,最后对磁光薄膜的未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

Pitch-Based Laminated Carbon Formed by Pressure Driving at Low Temperature as High-Capacity Anodes for Lithium Energy Storage Systems

Pitch has been used to prepare electrodes by high-temperature heat treatments for supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, on account of its rich aromatic ring structure. Here, the toluene-soluble component of pitch is used to prepare a kind of laminated carbon. This was realized by a template-free synthesis at low temperature with the addition of pressure. The toluene-soluble component has a small molecular weight, which makes the thermal deformation ability stronger and then enhances the orientation of the carbon layer with the help of pressure. The prepared anode exhibits a splendid electrochemical performance compared with the traditional graphite anode. A high stable capacity of approximately 550 mAh g⁻¹ at 50 mA g⁻¹, which is much higher than graphite (372 mAh g⁻¹), is obtained. Also, when the current density is up to 2 A g⁻¹, the capacity is about 150 mAh g⁻¹. Surprisingly, it also delivers a superior cycling performance. And when used as the anode/cathode electrode for lithium-ion capacitors, a high energy density can be obtained. The present work offers an opportunity to utilize the pitch source in lithium energy storage with promising cycle life, high energy/power density, and low cost.     

Dye Sensitization Offers a Brighter Afterglow Nanoparticle Future for in vivo Recharged Luminescent Imaging

While concerns about improving recharged afterglow intensity in vivo still motivate further exploration, afterglow nanoparticles (AGNP) offer unique optical merit for autofluorescence-free biological imaging. Apart from efforts enhancing the afterglow emission properties of AGNP, improving afterglow excitation response to visible or near infrared light is important but has lacked success. Dye sensitization has been used to improve the optical response of photovoltaic nanomaterials and to enhance upconversion luminescence efficiency. This concept has recently been expanded and applied to AGNPs. As a new multifunctional nanoprobe, such dye-sensitized AGNP takes advantage of both high spatial resolution fluorescence imaging and sensitive afterglow imaging. This Concept introduces the background, the concept, mechanism, and related imaging application, as well as reviewing existing challenges and proposing future developmental directions for the dye-sensitized AGNPs.     

Understanding the accumulated cycle capacity fade caused by the secondary particle fracture of LiNi<Subscript>1-x-y</Subscript>Co<Subscript>x</Subscript>Mn<Subscript>y</Subscript>O<Subscript>2</Subscript> cathode for lithium ion batteries

Effect of secondary particle fracture on the accumulated cycle capacity fade of LiNi_1-x-yCo_xMn_yO₂ cathode is difficult to evaluate since performance degradation of electrode material is always caused by several factors simultaneously. Herein, LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ single particles (Sin-P) are prepared and introduced as a reference to understand the accumulated cycle capacity fade caused by the secondary particle fracture of LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ secondary particles (Sec-P). Sec-P exhibited accumulated cycle capacity fade compared to Sin-P when cycled at high rate, high voltage, and high temperature. The accumulated cycle capacity fade was mainly caused by the secondary particle fracture of Sec-P, which was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. Further, XPS and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis indicated that the surface property changes and resistance rise were responsible for the accumulated cycle capacity fade. The study provides a novel way to analyze the accumulated cycle capacity fade caused by the secondary particle fracture and is helpful for understanding the performance degradation mechanism of electrode material.     

纳米材料用于放疗防护的研究进展

放射治疗是利用高能射线抑制癌细胞增殖的治疗方法, 已广泛用于恶性肿瘤的治疗. 但是, 高能射线不可避免地会对机体的正常组织造成损害, 产生放疗相关副作用. 尽管目前有一些小分子放疗防护药物已应用于临床或处于临床前研究, 但其较短的血液循环时间和较快的新陈代谢速度极大地削弱了其防护效果. 近20年来, 随着纳米技术在生物医学领域的飞速发展, 纳米放疗防护剂的出现为提高防护效果提供了新的选择. 通过合理地设计和开发纳米放疗防护剂, 有望解决现有小分子放疗防护药物的缺陷. 鉴于纳米放疗防护剂具有诸多优势, 本Review概述了纳米放疗防护材料的常见设计策略, 同时分析了放射诱导的常见疾病的致病机制和纳米放疗防护材料防治各种放射诱导疾病的研究现状. 最后, 还讨论了纳米材料用于放疗防护所面临的挑战和未来前景.     

Aging property for LiFePO<Subscript>4</Subscript>/graphite cell with different temperature and DODs

In this paper, we fabricated 1.7 A h soft-packed cells using commercial-grade LiFePO₄ and manmade graphite as the active materials for the cathode and anode, respectively. It has been shown that the cycle performances of assembled soft-packed full-cell were still temperature-dependent. An accelerated mechanism of the operating temperature to reformation/repairing of SEI layer have been established, which greatly consumes active lithium during cycling, therefore causes fast capacity loss at elevated temperatures. At same time, cycle property for LiFePO₄/graphite cell with different depth of discharge (DOD) levels and ranges. It has been shown that DOD level has very little effect on capacity fade for cell lifecycle; but for DOD range, obvious influence was observed on capacity fade, which is due to the sensitivity of SOC during the storage of the cell.     

Take precautions against potential threats that carbon nanotubes may bring to you

Long-term pulmonary exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) may promote breast cancer metastasis and rapid colonization in the lungs and other organs according to recent research conducted by Prof.Chunying Chen,Prof.Tao Zhu and their colleagues,published in Nature Nanotechnology [1].     

A novel design using meshed-planar fan-electromagnetic bandgap (MP-FEBG) structure for ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna

A concept to combine the plane fan antenna with the meshed-planar electromagnetic bandgap (MP-EBG) structure is proposed; and then, based on the theory, a novel ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with double-deck meshed-planar fan-electromagnetic bandgap (MP-FEBG) is designed. The structure of the sector is beneficial to the increase of the antenna bandwidth. The double layer structure can greatly reduce the size of the antenna, and the aperture structure can easily adjust antenna's performance. The antenna is compact in size, suitable for UWB applications. An antenna model was established on the substrate of FR4 and at least 79.1% dimension of the antenna was reduced by the traditional UWB antenna in the related documents. The simulation results show that the antenna can achieve a wide bandwidth from 3.20 to 15.78 GHz with return loss less than −10 dB and exhibit stable antenna gain. Furthermore, the measurement result is in better consistence with the simulation result.