Three-dimensional blow-up solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations

In this paper we extend the plane blow-up results of Grundy& McLaughlin (1997) to the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations.Using a solution structure originally due to Lin we first providenumerical evidence for the existence of blow-up solutions on- < x, z < , 0 y 1 with boundary conditions on y = 0and y = 1 involving derivatives of the velocity components.The formulation enables us to consider plane and radial flowas special cases. Various features of the computations are isolatedand are used to construct a formal asymptotic solution closeto blow-up. We show that the numerical and asymptotic analysesprovide a mutually consistent global picture which supportsthe conclusion that, for the family of problems we considerhere, blow-up in fact can take place in three dimensions butat an inverse linear rate rather than the faster inverse squareof the plane case.     

Long-term retention of ice-nucleating active Pseudomonas fluorescens by overwintering colorado potato beetles

Ice nucleating-active Pseudomonas fluorescens F264C was fed to Colorado potato beetles to determine bacterial retentioin in the beetle gut and its effect on the cold hardiness of this insect pest. The bacrterium was present in beetles recovered after overwintering in the field, seven months after their exposure to P. fluorescens. Retention was evident not only in the detection of the P. fluorescens ice nucleating gene, inaW, in bacterial cultures from beetle guts but also in the elevated supercooling points of some treated beetles.     

Bragg-grating-enhanced polarization instabilities

Experiments demonstrate a dramatic decrease in polarization-instability threshold as an optical pulse is tuned near the short-wavelength edge of the photonic bandgap formed by a fiber Bragg grating. These enhanced nonlinear interactions and birefringent effects are modeled with coupled-mode numerical simulations. Nonlinearities are shown to increase much more rapidly than the effective birefringence as the pulse wavelength approaches the bandgap edge.     

Low-lying (K π = 0+) states of gadolinium isotopes

The sd-interacting boson approximation (sd-IBA) and the df-interacting boson approximation (df-IBA) can be related to each other and the states of the interacting boson approximation model can be identified with the fully symmetric states in the sdf interacting boson approximation model. A systematic study of the sdf-IBA model showed that the constructed Hamiltonian can successfully describe the strong octupole correlations in the deformed nuclei. We showed that the interacting boson approximation may account for many of these K ^π ?=?0⁺ states. It was found that the calculated energy spectra of the gadolinium isotopes agree quite well with the experimental data. The observed B(E2) values were also calculated and compared with the experimental data.     

Facile synthesis of tin oxide nanoparticles stabilized by dendritic polymers

Tin(IV) oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via the reaction of carbon dioxide with stannate ions immobilized by dendritic polymers. For PAMAM and PPI dendrimer hosts, resultant nanoparticle diameters were 2.5-3 nm; 3-3.5 nm nanoparticles resulted from use of a poly(ethyleneimine) hyperbranched polymer. Our conditions represent the only precedent for SnO2 nanoparticulate growth using dendritic architectures, as well as a novel application for CO2 as a reactive gas for the controlled growth of metal oxide nanoparticles.     

Lasing mechanism in two-dimensional photonic crystal lasers

We conduct a comprehensive investigation of the lasing mechanism in a photonic crystal slab laser with a refractive index that is periodic in two dimensions. Experimental spectra of laser structures fabricated with organic gain media are presented. It is found that lasing frequencies can be explained in terms of Van Hove singularities in the density of modes. We also observe lasing spectra that cannot be obtained from structures with one-dimensional periodicity, such as traditional distributed feedback lasers. Lasing frequencies are computed using numerical techniques. Received: 7 April 1999 / Accepted: 12 April 1999 / Published online: 19 May 1999     

PHOTOREACTIVITY OF 5-GERANOXYPSORALEN AND LACK OF PHOTOREACTION WITH DNA

5-Geranoxypsoralen, commonly called bergamottin, a major furocoumarin contained in bergamot oil, is reported in vitro as a highly photoreactive psoralen. In ethanol, it exhibits quite a high triplet state quantum yield (approximately 0.37). The triplet state is involved in subsequent photochemistry which depends on the initial concentration and on the presence of oxygen. In contrast to most psoralens, absorption and fluorescence data suggest that 5-geranoxypsoralen does not interact with DNA in the dark. No UVA-induced interstrand cross-links in DNA were shown.