非晶调制多层膜Nb/Si中的互扩散研究

利用原位Ｘ射线衍射技术得到非晶调制多层膜Ｎｂ／Ｓｉ中的互扩散系数与退火温度的关系，调制周期Ｌ＝３.２ｎｍ的非晶调制多层膜是用粒子溅射方法制备的．温度范围为４２３—５２３Ｋ的有效互扩散系数通过原位测量多层膜的一级调制峰强度与退火温度之间的关系而得到．利用缺陷陷阱延迟扩散机制解释了所得到的扩散系数与退火温度的关系．建立了可以解释较小前置系数的模型 关键词：     

非晶态锂离子导体B2O3-0.7Li2O-0.7LiCl-xAl2O3-0.1V2O5的电学性质和电子自旋共振研究

对两种非晶态B₂O₃-0.7Li₂O-0.7LiCl-xAl₂O₃-0.1V₂O₅(x=0.05和0.15),用差热分析、电导率测量、X射线衍射和电子自旋共振进行研究,发现:1)V₂O₅不仅作非晶网络形成剂,而且改变了晶化过程;2)对B₂O₃-Li_{2关键词：}     

非晶锂离子导体P2O5-0.7Li2O-0.4LiCl-0.1Al2O3的离子导电性与结构研究

本文研究了非晶锂离子导体P₂O₅-0.7Li₂O-0.4LiCl-0.1Al₂O₃的60目、120目、200目粉末、粉末压片和整片非晶在60至380℃的离子电导率和激活能。发现颗粒度减小能使离子电导率提高四倍以上,但不影响激活能,它归因于同一非晶相的界面效应。各样品在380℃等温热处理76h内的离子电导率和X射线衍射研究表明:颗粒度越小,晶化就越容易。整片非晶比粉末压片不仅电导率提高两个数量级,激 关键词：     

提高YBCO块材在外磁场中悬浮力

本给出了三种提高YBCO块材在外磁场中悬浮力的方法．第一种方法是增强外磁场，对于此方法，本研究了一块直径为30mm的圆柱状YBCO块材分别在圆柱状NdFeB永磁体和NdFeB永磁导轨上的悬浮力．测量结果表明在77K温度下YBCO块在圆柱状NdFeB永磁体上的最大悬浮力为50N，在NdFeB永磁导轨上的最大悬浮力为103．ON．第二种方法是提高YBCO块材自身的性能，包括临界电流密度、俘获磁通和块材尺寸，对于此方法，本仅研究了块材尺寸对悬浮力的影响．三块直径分别为30mm、35mm、40mm的圆柱状YBC0块材在NdFeB永磁导轨上的悬浮力被测量，77K温度下5mm悬浮间距时的悬浮力分别为103．ON、134．5N、175．ON．第三方法是将YBCO块材变成准永久磁体，此种情况下，直径为40mm的圆柱状YBCO块材在77K温度下5mm悬浮间距时的悬浮力高达218．3N．     

三元Ⅲ─V半导体合金的基态有序结构

利用了自旋１／２二维Ｉｓｉｎｇ模型及其“不等式方法”,确定了三元Ⅲ─Ｖ半导体会金（００１）面外延生长中的二维平面基态有序结构和基态相图,并通过层状叠加得到了合金中可能出现的长程有序结构,较好地说明了实验发现的（００１）衬底外延生长中的长程有序现象．     

THE PARAMETER KERNELS FOR THE LINEAR INVERSION OF THE FREE OSCILLATION OF THE EARTH (Ⅰ)

In the linear inversion of the radial variation of the parameters of the Earth by usingthe observed frequencies of various normal modes of free oscillation of the earth, it is neces-sary to know the values of the kernels of the parameters ρ, μ and λ. This paper describesthe methods of the derivation of the formulas of these kernels. This is the first part of thepaper in which only the toroidal oscillations are considered. They are much simpler thanthose of the spheroidal ones, that we will consider in the second part of the paper. The data of the two types of oscillations are equally important in the solution of theinversion problem, and should be employed simultaneously, and we know that the toroidaloscillations are much simpler than the spheroidal ones, it seems wise to divide the whole programof the inversion problem into steps: first, by employing the toroidal data to correct the twoparameters ρ and μ in the mantle, then by using the spheroidal data to correct the remain-ing parameters, i.e. th     

SUPERPOROUS HYDROGELS: FAST RESPONSIVE HYDROGEL SYSTEMS

ABSTRACT

Superporous hydrogels, hydrogels with pore sizes in the range of 100 μm and larger, were synthesized using N-isopropyl-acrylamide (NIPAM) and acrylamide (AM). The superporous hydrogels were synthesized by crosslinking polymerization of monomers in the presence of gas bubbles. The pores of superporous hydrogels were connected to each other to form open capillary channels, which provided fast response to the changes in the environmental temperature. Upon increase in temperature from 10°C to 65°C, the superporous hydrogel made from a monomer solution of NIPAM:AM = 9:1 shrank from the fully swollen state (volume of 36 cm³) to the fully collapsed state (volume of 6.5 cm³) in 72±14 sec. When the temperature was changed back to 10°C, the superporous hydrogel swelled to 36 cm³ in 78±15 sec. This deswelling-swelling cycle was repeated many times without changes in the thermo-reversible property of the superporous hydrogel. The response time of the superporous hydrogels was thousand times faster than that of conventional hydrogels. The fast response of the superporous hydrogels is due to the rapid uptake or exclusion of water molecules through the extensive capillary channels. Because superporous hydrogels still maintain the open capillary structure even after drying, the dried superporous hydrogels can also swell to the equilibrium swelling state within minutes. These fast responsive hydrogels can find many pharmaceutical and medical applications.     

多元体系中谐波对EXAFS振幅的影响

本文给出了多元体系中谐波对EXAFS振幅的影响的计算方法,并以实例计算和测量了这种影响,两者结果相符。 关键词：