介孔材料MCM-41的导热研究

文章根据二氧化硅介孔材料MCM-41纳米孔结构特点,首先建立和验证了纳米结构单元模型,然后使用平衡分子动力学方法模拟了孔壁热导率;接着耦合孔隙内气体导热,开展了一维传热分析,最终提炼出MCM-41的有效热导率表达式;并对壁厚、孔径和孔隙率对热导率的影响进行了分析.研究结果表明,MCM-41具有良好的绝热性能,其有效热导率随孔隙率增大近似呈线性减小,且表现出各向异性;导热性能沿孔道长度方向表现出准一维特性. 关键词： 有效热导率 介孔材料 MCM-41 平衡分子动力学     

金属纳米颗粒的热导率

本文使用统计模拟方法对金属纳米颗粒的电子平均自由程进行了计算,并考察了纳米颗粒的晶格比热和声子平均群速度,最后应用动力学理论对纳米颗粒的电子热导率和声子热导率分别进行了求解.研究结果表明:具有相同特征尺寸的方形、球形纳米颗粒的无量纲电子(或声子)平均自由程比较接近.金属纳米颗粒的电子热导率远大于声子热导率;电子、声子热导率随着直径减小呈现降低趋势,而电子热导率的颗粒尺度依赖性比声子热导率更为明显;随着颗粒直径进一步减小,声子热导率与电子热导率趋于同一数量级.当纳米颗粒特征尺寸大于4倍块材电子(或声子)平均自由程,其电子(或声子)热导率的颗粒尺度依赖性将减弱.     

Modified Maxwell model for predicting thermal conductivity of nanocomposites considering aggregation

The effect of nanoparticle aggregation on the thermal conductivity of nanocomposites or nanofluids is typically nonnegligible. A universal model(Maxwell model) including nanoparticle aggregation is modified in order to predict the thermal conductivity of nanocomposites more accurately. The predicted thermal conductivities of silica and titania nanoparticle powders are compared first with that measured by a hot-wire method and then with those in previous experimental works.The results show that there is good agreement between our model and experiments, and that nanoparticle aggregation in a nanocomposite enhances the thermal conductivity greatly and should not be ignored. Because it considers the effect of aggregation, our model is expected to yield precise predictions of the thermal conductivity of composites.     

介孔二氧化硅基导电聚合物复合材料热导率的实验研究

本文首先制备并表征了介孔二氧化硅SBA-15、 填充导电聚合物的复合材料PANI/SBA-15和复合材料PPy/SBA-15, 并建立双流计实验台开展了材料压片情况下的热导率研究. 在测量得到复合材料热导率的基础上, 引入当量孔径, 结合测量孔径对 PANI/SBA-15和PPy/SBA-15复合材料热导率随填充量的变化进行了定性分析. 分析表明: PANI/SBA-15和PPy/SBA-15复合材料的热导率比基材SBA-15的热导率大得多; 在相同的测量孔径和当量孔径情况下, PANI/SBA-15复合材料的热导率比PPy/SBA-15复合材料的热导率大; 导电聚合物填充到复合材料孔道内和孔道外都有助于热导率的提高, 填充到孔道内比填充到孔道外对热导率提高的贡献更大.     

Thermal conductivity of a kind of mesoporous silica SBA-15

Mesoporous silica SBA-15 consists of uniform hexagonal, unconnected cylindrical channels with diameters that can be tuned within a range of 1.5 nm-30 nm, and is thought to have a special thermal conductivity. The theoretical investigation of the shell thermal conductivity of the mesoporous silica is performed in the relaxation time approximation in this paper and an available one-dimensional heat transfer model is used to predict the effective thermal conductivity （ETC） of the mesoporous silica. The experimental result of the ETC is also presented for comparison. The shell thermal conductivity of the mesoporous silica decreases with mesochannel radius increasing or wall thickness decreasing, but does not strictly decrease with porosity increasing. The thermal radiation possibly plays a primary role in heat transfer at the large porosity scale. The predicted ETC of SBA-15 with only conduction considered is quite low at the large porosity, even lower than the thermal conductivity of the silica aerogels. To realize it, doping carbon or other matters which can strongly absorb infrared light into SBA-15 is a possible way.     

考虑接触热阻的纳米颗粒堆积热导率的分析

本文首先使用Callaway热导率模型对SiO₂纳米颗粒的热导率进行了近似计算,然后耦合堆积纳米孔隙内的导热和辐射、颗粒接触热阻,基于颗粒堆积单元结构模型的一维传热分析,最终推导得到了颗粒堆积有效热导率关于颗粒直径和温度、堆积孔隙率、颗粒热导率、气相热导率、辐射传热和接触热阻的关系式,并用该式进行了相关讨论。研究结果表明,对于纳米颗粒堆积,界面接触热阻不容忽略;在低孔隙率和颗粒不参与辐射的条件下,由于受到接触热阻的影响,存在最佳孔隙率（或密度）使得堆积热导率存在最大值。