平板约束下激光诱导等离子体的动态仿真

为深入认识空间约束增强的物理机理,采用二维可压缩流体模型,建立平板约束下激光诱导等离子体动力学行为的数值模拟模型,计算了平板约束下等离子体的演化过程,得到的一系列时间分辨的温度分布结果与实验结果基本一致.揭示了平板约束下,反射激波对等离子体的压缩作用导致等离子体温度升高的机理.对不同激光能量和不同约束板间距对等离子体温度增强效果和增强时刻的影响进行了研究,两板间距增加,增强时刻明显延迟,等离子体温度的增强效果削弱.     

Effects of pulse energy ratios on plasma characteristics of dual-pulse fiber-optic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Laser-induced plasmas of dual-pulse fiber-optic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with different pulse energy ratios are studied by using the optical emission spectroscopy(OES)and fast imaging.The energy of the two laser pulses is independently adjusted within 0–30 m J with the total energy fixed at 30 m J.The inter-pulse delay remains 450 ns constantly.As the energy share of the first pulse increases,a similar bimodal variation trend of line intensities is observed.The two peaks are obtained at the point where the first pulse is half or twice of the second one,and the maximum spectral enhancement is at the first peak.The bimodal variation trend is induced by the change in the dominated mechanism of dual-pulse excitation with the trough between the two peaks caused by the weak coupling between the two mechanisms.By increasing the first pulse energy,there is a transition from the ablation enhancement dominance near the first peak to the plasma reheating dominance near the second peak.The calculations of plasma temperature and electron number density are consistent with the bimodal trend,which have the values of 17024.47 K,2.75×10¹⁷cm;and 12215.93 K,1.17×10¹⁷cm;at a time delay of 550 ns.In addition,the difference between the two peaks decreases with time delay.With the increase in the first pulse energy share,the plasma morphology undergoes a transformation from hemispherical to shiny-dot and to oblate-cylinder structure during the second laser irradiation from the recorded images by using an intensified charge-coupled device(ICCD)camera.Correspondingly,the peak expansion distance of the plasma front first decreases significantly from 1.99 mm in the single-pulse case to 1.34 mm at 12/18(dominated by ablation enhancement)and then increases slightly with increasing the plasma reheating effect.The variations in plasma dynamics verify that the change of pulse energy ratios leads to a transformation in the dual-pulse excitation mechanism.     

基于球压法的水泥熟料在不同温度下的力学性能分析

本文通过高温球压法得到各种脆性和准脆性材料的表面压痕应力与应变之间的关系曲线。通过压痕应力–应变曲线的分析既可比较方便地确定出材料的压痕弹性模量、剪切模量和布氏硬度,又可比较不同温度下水泥熟料的变形性能。在不同温度(25℃~1400℃)处理下,球压应力松弛试验载荷松弛,在载荷峰值为100 N时,随着温度的升高,水泥熟料载荷松弛更明显。随着温度从500℃升高到1400℃,载荷松弛非常明显,尤其温度高于1200℃,水泥熟料样品内部的硅酸三钙(Ca_3SiO_5,简称C3S)分解以及有部分液相的出现引起的应力松弛现象最为明显,在1275℃时熟料基本上已经软化,载荷急速松弛,所以认为1275℃为熟料的脆延转化温度。通过水泥熟料高温球压松弛试验可以确定水泥熟料在二次加热过程中的脆–延转化温度,测定熟料弹性模量和抗压强度急剧变化的温度范围。研究水泥熟料在不同温度下的力学行为和力学特性,探索提高粉磨效率的新途径,实现高温下的低能耗粉碎。