Performance assessment of CsI(Tl) screens on varioussubstrates for X-ray imaging

Thallium-doped cesium iodide (CsI(Tl)) screens are widely used in X-ray imaging devices because of the columnar structure of the CsI(Tl) layer, but few reports focus on the optical role of the substrate in the screen system. In this paper, four substrates including fused silica (SiO₂), silver-film coated SiO₂, graphite (C) and fiber optic plate (FOP) are used to fabricate CsI(Tl) screens by thermal evaporation. Their imaging performance is evaluated by relative light output (RLO), modulation transfer function (MTF), normalized noise power spectrum (NNPS) and noise equivalent quanta (NEQ). The results reveal that although CsI(Tl) film on graphite plate yields images with the lowest light output, it presents relatively higher spatial resolution and better signal-to-noise characteristics. However, films on SiO₂ plate obtain low MTF but high NNPS curves, whether they are coated with silver film or not. Furthermore, scintillation screens on FOP have bright images with low NNPS and high NEQ, but have the lowest MTF. By controlling the substrate optical features, CsI(Tl) films can be tailored to suit a given application.     

Performance evaluation of CsI screens for X-ray imaging

Cs I film has been one of the most extensively used scintillators for indirect X-ray imaging because of its needle-like micro-structure. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the imaging performance of Cs I screen as a function of thickness and radiation quality. Four multilayer scintillation screens with microcolumnar Cs I:Tl film(thicknesses of 50 μm, 100 μm, 200 μm and 300 μm) included were prepared and coupled to an optical imaging sensor. The modulation transfer function(MTF), normalized noise power spectrum(NNPS) and detective quantum efficiency(DQE) of these screens were evaluated based on the standard IEC 62220-1, and the results indicated that,in the medium spatial frequency range(1–6 lp/mm), the MTF of Cs I screens with the same thickness was lower when the incident X-ray photon energy was higher, possibly owing to scattering and K-fluorescence re-absorption effects. The NNPS in the higher spatial frequency range(above 8 lp/mm) is dominated by stochastic noise while the entrance surface air Kerma(ESAK) decreases. For 100 μm, 200 μm and 300 μm thick Cs I screens, the DQE under RQA7 and RQA9 is lower than that under RQA3 and RQA5 due to low absorption efficiency.