Viscosity Characteristic in Metallic Melts with Medium／Short-Range Order Structures

Viscosities and liquid structure of alloys Cu75Al25, Cu87Sn13 and Al-12.5%Si and pure metals Cu and Sn are investigated by using torsional oscillation viscometry and high temperature x-ray diffractometry. The viscosities of pure metals and eutectic alloy melts along with the short-range order structure are found to follow the Arrhenius law in a wide range of temperature above the liquidus. The breakpoints in Arrhenius plots emerge when the structures of alloy melts are transformed from the medium-range order structure to the short-range order structure. It has been found that the change of the viscosity of the metallic alloys is a characteristic of microstructure transformation in the related melts.     

Al-Si合金熔体的氢含量及其对铍焊接气孔的影响

铍为脆性材料，在焊接时容易使焊缝开裂。为了防止焊缝开裂，途径之一是加延展性比较好的金属或合金(如Al-Si合金或银等)作填充材料进行钎接焊。但是，铍在非真空条件下焊接，在焊缝中出现的主要缺陷是焊接气孔和缩孔。人们早已知道，纯铝在焊接或铸造时的加热过程中会吸收环境中的氢，冷却时熔体要释放氢从而形成以氢为特征的氢气孔，进而影响铝加工的质量。这表明铝及铝合金焊接形成的气孔主要是与焊接时熔体的氢含量有关。那么，在加Al-Si合金焊接铍时，产生的气孔是否也与氢含量的关系，Al-Si合金熔体随温度升高氢含量有何变化趋势，Al-Si合金中的Si对铝熔体的吸氢起何作用。