钙钛矿电池纳米陷光结构的研究进展

随着材料性能的不断提升,近年来纳米陷光结构在钙钛矿电池中的应用受到越来越多的关注.纳米陷光结构的引入可以改变光子在电池中的传输路径以及被电池吸收的光子能量.将纳米陷光结构用于钙钛矿电池中的不同界面可以不同程度地增加电池对光的吸收,最终提升电池效率.如何有效地应用陷光结构是进一步提升钙钛矿电池转换效率的关键问题之一.本文从阐述具有不同纳米陷光结构的钙钛矿电池性能出发,对不同结构进行了对比与总结,并分析了其中的优势与劣势.     

Key parameters of two typical intercalation reactions to prepare hybrid inorganic-organic perovskite films

A star hybrid inorganic-organic perovskite material selected as an outstanding absorbing layer in solar cells benefits from multiple preparation techniques and excellent photoelectric characteristics. Among numerous synthetic processes,uniform, compact, and multi-stack perovskite thin films can be manufactured using vacuum deposition. During sequential vacuum deposition, the penetration ability of the organic molecules cannot be effectively controlled. In addition, the relationship between the thickness of the inorganic seeding layer and the organic molecule concentration for optimized devices using an evaporation-solution method is unclear. In this work, we prepared high-quality perovskite films by effectively controlling the penetration ability and chemical quantity of organic methyl ammonium iodide by monitoring the evaporation pressure and time. Thus, a device efficiency of over 15% was achieved with an all-vacuum prepared perovskite film. For the evaporation-solution method, we reacted different thicknesses of inorganic lead iodine with various concentrations of the organic molecule solution. The inorganic layer thickness and organic molecule concentration showed a linear relationship to achieve an optimum perovskite film, and an empirical formula was obtained. This work noted the key parameters of two intercalation reactions to prepare perovskite films, which paves a way to deliver a device that enables multi-layered structures, such as tandem solar cells.     

自组装层修饰溅射氧化镍对刮涂制备的宽带隙钙钛矿太阳电池性能影响研究

氧化镍作为高效钙钛矿太阳电池中常用无机空穴传输层材料，具有良好的光学透过性及化学稳定性，并且还可以通过磁控溅射等方法进行大面积制备，且成本低廉。然而相比于有机空穴传输材料，氧化镍和钙钛矿界面处的能级失配、缺陷及不良化学反应等限制了基于氧化镍空穴传输层的宽带隙钙钛矿太阳电池的性能。为解决这一问题，本文提出了采用(2-(9H-咔唑-9-基)乙基)膦酸((2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl) ethylphosphonic acid, 2PACz)自组装层作为氧化镍/宽带隙钙钛矿界面修饰材料。该分子可以有效钝化氧化镍表面缺陷、调节上层钙钛矿的成膜及促进界面电荷传输，最终宽带隙钙钛矿太阳电池的光电转换效率由16.18%提升至18.42%。本工作为氧化镍空穴传输层在宽带隙钙钛矿太阳电池中的应用提供了一种可借鉴的策略。     

钙钛矿太阳电池外量子效率模拟与优化

使用拟合(FAPbI3)1-x(MAPbBr3)x钙钛矿太阳电池器件每层材料的透射、反射曲线的方式获取材料真实光学常数以进行外量子效率(External Quantum Efficiency,EQE)模拟,所得结果与实际测得EQE曲线相比误差低于1;.由此分析了器件中各层薄膜材料的光学损失并针对器件中透明导电电极、电子传输层以及钙钛矿吸收层进行厚度优化,掌握了透明电极、电子传输层和钙钛矿吸收层对器件性能的影响规律.该模拟研究可有效减少实验量,为快速获得高性能器件提供了一定的指导.     

CuSCN空穴传输层工艺对钙钛矿电池性能的影响

采用溶液法制备了硫氰酸亚铜(CuSCN)薄膜,并将其作为空穴传输层制备了平面n-i-p型钙钛矿太阳电池.系统考察了CuSCN薄膜退火温度、旋涂转速对钙钛矿太阳电池性能的影响.研究结果表明,CuSCN薄膜在70 ℃下退火10 min可以获得较好的电池性能;在此基础上通过调整旋涂转速至2000 r/min,控制CuSCN薄膜厚度约为240 nm,电池性能获得了进一步的提升,电池效率可达11.77;.该研究结果表明,CuSCN材料是一种有潜力的、低成本高性能无机空穴传输材料.     

一步沉积法中溴基钙钛矿薄膜的优化及应用

溴基钙钛矿太阳电池因其工艺简单、高开压的特性,可在叠层太阳电池、彩色的显示设备和光伏建筑一体化等多方面进行应用而引起人们关注.此文首先研究了一步沉积法中不同溶质前驱体溶液对钙钛矿薄膜形貌和结晶的影响.在优化前驱体溶质条件下,通过加入适量醋酸铵获得均一致密、较大晶粒尺寸、具有择优取向的高质量钙钛矿薄膜,且提高了材料的疏水特性.以Spiro-OMeTAD作为空穴传输层制备器件获得最高1.42 V开路电压、5.87;的电池效率,并在30 d后仍保持89;的效率.