太阳能分频利用电热联产初步研究

本文对太阳能聚光分频利用电热联产的机理进行了探讨,给出了太阳能光谱有效能函数以及太阳能聚光分频利用电热联产的设计方案,并对该系统进行了热力性能分析,发电投资和成本比较.结果表明,对30倍聚光分频的光伏/光热系统,光伏发电效率约0.095,250～280℃热量利用效率0.14,折算为电的总发电效率为0.139;与普通光伏发电系统相比,单位面积硅光电池发电功率提高约16倍,投资成本仅0.33倍,每千瓦时的发电上网成本可从3.52元降到0.84元,考虑税收后的上网成本将从5.1元降到1.18元.     

Structures and optical properties of tungsten oxide thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering of WO_3 bulk:Effects of annealing temperatures

Tungsten oxide thin films were deposited on glass substrates by the magnetron sputtering of WO3 bulk at room temperature. The deposited films were annealed at different temperatures in air. The structural measurements indicate that the films annealed below 300℃ were amorphous, while the films annealed at 400℃ were mixed crystalline with hexagonal and triclinic phases of WO3. It was observed that the crystallization of the annealed films becomes more and more distinct with an increase in the annealing temperature. At 400℃, nanorod-like structures were observed on the film surface when the annealing time was increased from 60 min to 180 min. The presence of W=O stretching, W–O–W stretching, W–O–W bending and various lattice vibration modes were observed in Raman measurements. The optical absorption behaviors of the films in the range of 450–800 nm are very different with changing annealing temperatures from the room temperature to 400℃. After annealing at 400℃, the film becomes almost transparent. Increasing annealing time at 400℃ can lead to a small blue shift of the optical gap of the film.     

Si(111)7×7表面孤立C_(60)分子的吸附取向及局域电子态研究

利用低温扫描隧道显微镜对Si(111) 7× 7表面的孤立C60 分子成像 ,结合局域密度泛函方法计算 ,确定了C60 在不同吸附位置的分子取向 .同时进行的扫描隧道谱揭示了C60 吸附后的局域电子态 .     

Effect of oxygen flow rate on the properties of SiO_x films deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering

Silicon oxide films have been investigated extensively due to their important applications in both micro-electronic and optical technologies because of their excellent elec- trical and optical properties[1-5]. SiO2 films can be de- posited by magnetron sputtering[4-5], ion beam sputter- ing (IBS)[6], chemical vapor deposition (CVD)[7-9], and so on. Magnetron sputtering technique is capable of mak- ing dense amorphous films with very good repeatability and is widely used in optical coating in…     

ETHYLENE OXIDE-ETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE SEGMENTED COPOLYMER SOLID ELECTROLYTE

A series of ethylene oxide-ethylene terephthalate segmented copolymers (EOET) weresynthesized and complexed with LiClO_4 to form some new polymer electrolytes. The EOET-LiClO_4 electrolytes exhibit not only high ionic conductivity, but also good mechanical strengthand toughness. The EOET 3400--25--LiClO_4 complex possesses the highest conductivity (4. 65×10~(-5)s·cm~(-1) at room temperature when the ratio [Li~+]/[EO] equals 1/16. The structures of these electrolytes were examined with FTIR analysis, X-ray diffractionand DSC thermograms, and the results of high ionic conductivity of the segmented copolymerswere discussed.     

C60-Ag薄膜高、低温粗糙表面的标度行为和粗糙化机理的实验研究

利用原子力显微镜和透射电子显微镜对沉积在NaCl衬底上的C₆₀-Ag复合薄膜的表面形貌和微结构进行了研究 .结果表明薄膜表面的粗糙度依赖于衬底的温度 ,当衬底温度从 - 80℃上升到 1 2 0℃ ,薄膜表面发生从粗糙→光滑→粗糙的变化过程 .由于高温和低温条件下 ,薄膜表面的粗糙化机理不同 .高低温的表面虽然具有类似的rms粗糙度 ,但却具有不同的分形标度行为 .同时探讨了标度行为、微结构和粗糙化机理之间的关系     

ULTRASONIC BEHAVIOR OF EPOXY RESINS/POLY (ETHYLENE OXIDE) BLENDS CURED WITH PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE

By means of ultrasonic attenuation apparatus, the ultrasonic velocity and attenuation ofanhydride-cured epoxy resins (EP)/poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) blends were measured on thebasis of pulse-echo method. It was found that the sonic velocity of the blends decreased as thetemperature increased, but attenuation coefficient increased and possessed a peak value. Largervelocity and smaller attenuation coefficient(α)can be obtained from perfect crosslinking networkstructures of pure DGEBA cured with phthalic anhydride(PA). As for cured DGEBA/PEO blendsystems,sonic velocity decreased as a function of PEO concentration,but attenuation coefficient(α) increased.