电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪高电离能元素进样系统的研制

设计开发了一套电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP-OES）高电离能元素进样系统.系统既保留了ICP-OES原有的检测功能，又利用超声波振动空化作用的物理方法与氢化反应的化学方法有机结合，有效增加单位体积内待测元素检测浓度，使高电离能元素的检测灵敏度在原有基础上提高3~5倍.系统的研制扩展了ICP-OES关于高电离能元素的检测功能.     

The Massive Bipolar Outflow in IRAS 20110＋3321

Mapping observations were made towards IRAS 201109-3321 using the Nobeyama 45 m and the Delingha 13.7m radio telescopes. The high angular resolution （- 21″） image with the 45m telescope shows that there is a highvelocity bipolar molecular outflow in this region, which is in the NW-SE direction with a collimation factor of 2.2. The outflow has significantly higher mass loss rate and mechanical luminosity than those from low mass YSOs, indicating that the outflow is driven by the IRAS source. A dense massive core was detected by mapping C180 （J = 1 - 0） line in the area with the 13.7m telescope. The IRAS source lies within the core but slightly offsets from its emission peak.     

银河系中心超大质量黑洞

通过对位于银河系中心的非热、致密射电源人马座A^＊（Sagittarius A^＊）的高分辨率甚长基线干涉（VLBI）观测,文章作者及其合作者成功地得到人马座A＊的固有辐射区域的直径仅为1个天文单位,支持其是超大质量黑洞的物理解释.文章在较详细地介绍此研究的同时,也简要提及了从黑洞概念的最早提出至今的200多年里人们在黑洞物理认知上的一些重大进展.可以预期,未来亚毫米波VLBI观测将有望揭示银河系中心超大质量黑洞的阴影结构.     

X-射线单晶衍射仪易风化晶体低温显微上样系统的研制

易风化晶体离开母液就会风化并失去结晶溶剂,导致结构塌陷,由单晶变成粉末,从而无法完成测试.X-射线单晶衍射仪易风化晶体低温显微上样系统利用晶体在低温下比较稳定的原理,通过维持选样与上样过程中的低温环境,使易风化晶体能够得以测试,从根本上解决了风化晶体的测试问题.系统的研制为易风化晶体化合物结构的测试提供有力的技术保障,是单晶衍射仪功能开发的重要技术创新.     

FT-NIR光谱法测定烟草中绿原酸、芸香苷、莨菪亭及总多酚含量

研究应用傅里叶变换近红外光谱法快速测定烟草中绿原酸、芸香苷、莨菪亭及总多酚含量的可行性。使用偏最小二乘法(PLS)为建模方法, 选择7 500～4 000 cm-1谱段,采用二阶导数和Norris滤波法进行光谱预处理,建立了烟草中绿原酸、芸香苷、莨菪亭及总多酚的近红外预测模型。组分最佳PLS预测模型的相关系数r分别为0.976 6,0.941 9,0.957 1和0.966 6,SEP均小于1.2倍的SEC,验证集样本的标准偏差(SD)/SEP均大于2。交叉检验的均方差(RMSECV)分别为1.938 9,1.046 2,0.047 9和2.745 2。实验验证了模型偏差的显著性,将近红外光谱技术与常规标准检测方法相比较。结果表明:两种方法测得值在显著水平0.05时,不存在显著性差异,近红外光谱技术可以准确地定量分析烟草中绿原酸、芸香苷、莨菪亭及总多酚。     

Roles of Nano-Domain Switching and Non-180° Domains in Enhancing Local Piezoelectric Responses of Highly (100)-Oriented Pb(Zr_(0.60)Ti_(0.40))O_3 Thin Films

Ferroelectric Pb(Zr_(0.60)Ti_(0.40))O_3 thin films deposited on the niobium-doped SrTiO_3 and Pt(111)/Ti/SiO_2/Si substrates are fabricated by a sol-gel method.X-ray diffraction indicates that the films have a 'cube-on-cube'growth with highly(100)preferred orientation and good surface qualities.Using piezoelectric force microscopy,we investigate domain structures and butterfly amplitude loops of ferroelectric thin fims.The results indicate that the film deposited on Nb:SrTiO_3 has both kinds of 180° polarizations perpendicular or parallel to the surface while the film deposited on Pt/Ti/SiO_2/Si has irregular phase differences.Excellent piezoelectric polarization are observed in the films on niobium-doped SrTiO_3 with local d_(33)~* values around 45 pm/V three times more than that of the films around 13 pm/V deposited on Pt(111)/Ti/SiO2/Si. Our findings emphasize that nanodomain switching ability and non-180° domains will contribute significantly to enhance piezoelectric responses of ferroelectric thin films.