一类海冰-海水耦合热力学系统参数辨识问题的最优性

针对一维的海冰-海水耦合热力学系统,以该系统中的物理参数为辨识量,以温度偏差为目标函数,建立了一个参数辨识模型,并证明了该问题最优解的存在性,从而为这类海冰-海水耦合热力学系统参数辨识问题的数值计算提供数学理论依据.     

Atomic pair distribution function method development at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility

The atomic pair distribution function(PDF) reveals the interatomic distance in a material directly in real-space. It is a very powerful method to characterize the local structure of materials. With the help of the third generation synchrotron facility and spallation neutron source worldwide, the PDF method has developed quickly both experimentally and theoretically in recent years. Recently this method was successfully implemented at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF). The data quality is very high and this ensures the applicability of the method to study the subtle structural changes in complex materials. In this article, we introduce in detail this new method and show some experimental data we collected.     

Ba1-xKxFe2As2单晶(Tc=38.5K)磁通钉扎力与钉扎机理研究

铁基超导体是在2008年由Hosono发现的一种新型超导材料, 由于其具有上临界场高、各向异性小、临界电流密度大等优点, 在世界范围内引起了广泛关注. 以Ba_1-xK_xFe₂As₂为代表的FeAs-122系超导体具有结构简单、合成温度低、单晶容易制备等优点, 是物理学家和材料学家关注的焦点. 本工作在获得最优化掺杂的Ba_1-xK_xFe₂As₂单晶(T_c = 38.5 K)基础上, 通过分析其在不同磁场条件下电阻温度变化关系、不同温度条件下的磁滞回线等数据, 系统的研究了Ba_1-xK_xFe₂As₂单晶磁通钉扎力和磁通钉扎机理. 研究发现Ba_1-xK_xFe₂As₂超导体具有非常高的磁通钉扎势, 其中9 T的外场条件下, 其在H//c轴和H//ab面的钉扎势分别为5800 K和8100 K, 展示出良好的应用前景; 通过进一步分析发现, 其磁通钉扎机理应是由于晶格内部的小尺寸缺陷引起的电子平均自由程变化而导致的δl钉扎.     

Doping Effect of Bi~(3+) on the Properties of YAG:Ce~(3+),Mn~(2+) Phosphor Ceramics for Warm WLEDs

A series of Bi³⁺-doped YAG:Ce³⁺, Mn²⁺ ceramics was synthesized successfully by gel-casting method and structurally characterized by XRD and SEM. The doping effect and related mechanism of Bi³⁺ upon the luminescent property were studied. It can be assigned to the energy transfer of multipolar interaction from Bi³⁺ to Ce³⁺, leading to the improvement of emission intensity about 58% for 0.0001 Bi³⁺ and 0.05 Mn²⁺ doping. In addition, the emission is significantly red-shifted with the peak at 590 nm for the Y2.9939 Ce0.006 Bi0.0001 Al4.96 Mn0.02 Si0.02 O12 ceramic specimen with in-line transmittance 81.6% at 1100 nm. The LED module assembled from Y2.9939 Ce0.006 Bi0.0001 Al4.96 Mn0.02 Si0.02 O12 ceramic owns correlated color temperature(CCT) of 3960 K and luminous efficiency(LE) of 92 lm/W, implying that doping Bi³⁺ shows a good sensitization effect in the YAG:Ce³⁺, Mn²⁺ ceramic system and further serving as an attracting phosphor candidates for warm WLEDs applications.     

氯化铵水溶液的分子动力学模拟

采用分子动力学模拟方法,使用Material Studio软件中的COMPASSⅡ力场,模拟了温度为298 K时质量分数分别为1%、5%、10%、20%及28%的氯化铵溶液中离子的动力学性质.发现随着浓度增加,水分子周围不再有明显的第二配位圈,NH_4~+和Cl~-配位数都减少,离子水化数、水化半径也随之减小.水分子中的H比NH_4~+中的H对N_((NH4))的影响作用要强的多.在氯化铵水溶液,NH_4~+中的N及H都是由周围水分子中的氧原子来靠近,而Cl~-则由周围水分子中的氢原子去靠近. NH_4~+及Cl~-的加入确实破坏了溶液中的氢键,但是NH_4~+与水分子间也生成了新的氢键,并且生成的数量大于被破坏的数量,但是氢键力却变弱了,这是之前研究当中没有人提过的现象.随着浓度增大,H_2O、NH_4~+及Cl~-的扩散系数逐渐降低,而降低幅度排序为NH_4~+ Cl~- H_2O.