基于D-T紧凑型中子源的快中子照相准直屏蔽体设计及中子束特性模拟研究

中子照相是一种重要的无损检测技术,它能用于火工产品、毒品和核燃料元件等的检测。基于紧凑型D-T中子发生器,完成了一个用于快中子照相的准直屏蔽体系统（BSA）的物理设计。根据D-T中子源的能谱和角分布建立了中子源模型,采用MCNP4C蒙特卡罗程序,模拟了准直屏蔽体系统中中子和γ射线的输运,准直中子束相对于单位源中子的中子注量可以达到9.30×10-6 cm-2,准直中子束中主要是能量大于10 MeV的快中子;在设置的样品平面直径14 cm的照射视野范围,准直束中子注量的不均匀度为4.30%,准直束中中子注量与γ注量的比值为17.20,中子通量和中子注量比值J/Φ为0.992,说明准直中子束有好的平行性;准直屏蔽体外的泄露中子注量率与准直束中子注量率相比降低了2个量级。所设计的准直屏蔽体能满足快中子照相的要求。Neutron radiography is an important nondestructive testing technique. It can be used to detect the explosive devices, drug and the nuclear fuel element, etc. A beam-shaping-assembly (BSA) based on a compact D-T neutron generator is designed for fast neutron radiography in this paper. D-T neutron source model is constructed based on the neutron energy spectrum and angular distribution data. The transportation of neutron and γ-ray in the BSA is simulated using MCNP4C code. The neutron fluence of the collimated neutron beam with respect to the neutron source of the unit source is 9.30×10-6 cm-2. The collimated neutron beams is mainly fast neutrons with energies greater than 10 MeV. In the irradiation field range with a diameter of 14 cm, the neutron fluence uniformity of the collimated beam is 4.3%, the ratio of the neutron fluence to the gamma fluence in the collimated beam is 17.20, and the neutron flux and the neutron fluence ratio (J/Φ) is 0.992 which indicates that the collimated neutron beam has good parallelism. The leakage neutron fluence in outside of BSA is two orders of magnitude lower than that of the collimated neutron beam. The designed BSA can meet the need of fast neutron radiography.     

Calculation of the wide-angle neutron spectra from the ~9Be(d,xn) reaction in a thick beryllium target

The multi-layer computing model is developed to calculate wide-angle neutron spectra, in the range from0° to 180° with a 5° step, produced by bombarding a thick beryllium target with deuterons. The double-differential cross-sections(DDCSs) for the ~9 Be(d, xn) reaction are calculated using the TALYS-1.8 code. They are in agreement with the experimental data, and are much better than the PHITS-JQMD/GEM results at 15°, 30°, 45° and 60° neutron emission angles for deuteron energy of 10.0 MeV. In the TALYS-1.8 code, neutron contributions from direct reactions(break-up, stripping and knock-out reactions) are controlled by adjustable parameters, which describe the basic characteristics of typical direct reactions and control the relative intensity and the position of the ridgy hillock at the tail of DDCSs. It is found that the typical calculated wide-angle neutron spectra for different neutron emission angles and neutron angular distributions agree quite well with the experimental data for 13.5 MeV deuterons. The multi-layer computing model can reproduce the experimental data reasonably well by optimizing the adjustable parameters in the TALYS-1.8 code. Given the good agreement with the experimental data, the multi-layer computing model could provide better predictions of wide-angle neutron energy spectra, neutron angular distributions and neutron yields for the ~9 Be(d, xn) reaction neutron source.     

THE EFFECTS OF ROUGHNESS CHANGE ON THE SURFACE LAYER OF THE ATMOSPHERE(Ⅰ)—THE VARIATIONS OF WIND SPEED AND SHEAR STRESS

A general four-layer structure linear theory for predicting the effects of arbitrarilydistributed roughness change on the variations of wind speed and shear stress in the surfacelayer of3D and2D atmospheres was presented.The results derived by the theory wereagreeable to the previous ones.     

Charge sharing effect on 600 μm pitch pixelated CZT detector for imaging applications

We are currently investigating the spatial resolution of highly pixelated Cadmium Zinc Telluride(CZT)detector for imaging application. A 20 mm×20 mm×5 mm CZT substrate was fabricated with 600 μm pitch pixels(500 μm anode pixels with 100 μm gap) and coplanar cathode. Charge sharing between two pixels was studied using collimated a 122 keV gamma ray source. Experiments show a resolution of 125 μm FWHM for double-pixel charge sharing events when the 600 μm pixelated and 5 mm thick CZT detector biased at-1000V. In addition, we analyzed the energy response of the 600 μm pitch pixelated CZT detector.     

涡方法中的粘性效应

涡方法中粘性效应可通过涡的随机移动或改变涡核尺寸两种途径并入。本文侧重讨论后者。用改变涡核尺寸并入粘性的方法计算了Blasius平板同题,并与Blasius解做了比较。     

流函数Navier-Stokes方程的交替方向部分隐式和完全隐式解法

本文给出了数值求解以流函数表示的Navier-Stokes方程的交替方向部分隐式和交替方向完全隐式方法;作为算例,计算了低雷诺数的二维方腔流动问题,并与已知结果进行了比较。     

HD-SDI视频嵌入式图像采集系统设计

为了满足光电测量系统中以HD-SDI接口的数字相机的视频图像处理需求,提出了基于HD-SDI接口的嵌入式图像采集系统解决方案;应用FPGA与TI公司的解码芯片将HD-SDI数字视频的串行数据转换成为并行的图像数据以满足DSP等处理器输入需要;利用FPGA外部扩展一定容量的存储单元来缓冲和重组图像数据,并以特定顺序发送给DSP;图像数据通过DSP的EMIF接口以DMA方式存入DSP内存,从而实现对HD-SDI视频的图像数据采集;系统集成HD-SDI数据链路均衡、解码以及数据采集功能,为DSP的后续图像处理提供了可以无缝连接的数据源。     

精确自动识别莫尔条纹方向角的算法

由于常规莫尔条纹计算方法难以满足速度和精度的要求,本文提出一种快速准确求取莫尔条纹方向角的算法。该算法首先根据直线方向与莫尔条纹方向越接近则均方误差值越小的原理,初步求得莫尔方向角α,之后采用Mean-Shift算法在方向角α附近进一步精确求取莫尔条纹方向角。实验结果表明:采用误差评判指标测试对比度满足5.4%时,提出的算法所获得的莫尔条纹方向角计算精度达到29',同时计算速度相对频域处理方法大幅提高,计算时间为15 ms,满足算法处理速度对实时性的要求。     

精确自动识别莫尔条纹方向角的算法

由于常规莫尔条纹计算方法难以满足速度和精度的要求,本文提出一种快速准确求取莫尔条纹方向角的算法。该算法首先根据直线方向与莫尔条纹方向越接近则均方误差值越小的原理,初步求得莫尔方向角α,之后采用Mean-Shift算法在方向角α附近进一步精确求取莫尔条纹方向角。实验结果表明：采用误差评判指标测试对比度满足5.4%时,提出的算法所获得的莫尔条纹方向角计算精度达到29＇,同时计算速度相对频域处理方法大幅提高,计算时间为15 ms,满足算法处理速度对实时性的要求。