Thermal and mechanical properties and micro-mechanism of SiO2/epoxy nanodielectrics

In addition to electrical insulation properties, the thermal properties of nanodielectrics, such as glass transition temperature, thermal expansion coefficients, thermal conductivity, and mechanical properties, including Young's modulus, bulk modulus, and shear modulus, are also very important. This paper describes the molecular dynamics simulations of epoxy resin doped with SiO₂ nanoparticles and with SiO₂ nanoparticles that have been surface grafted with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) at 10% and 20% grafting rates. The results show that surface grafting can improve certain thermal and mechanical properties of the system. Our analysis indicates that the improved thermal performance occurs because the formation of thermal chains becomes easier after the surface grafting treatment. The improved mechanical properties originate from two causes. First, doping with SiO₂ nanoparticles inhibits the degree of movement of molecular chains in the system. Second, the surface grafting treatment weakens the molecular repulsion between SiO₂ and epoxy resin, and the van der Waals excluded region becomes thinner. Thus, the compatibility between SiO₂ nanoparticles and polymers is improved by the grafting treatment. The analysis method and conclusions in this paper provide guidance and reference for the future studies of the thermal and mechanical properties of nanodielectrics.     

Spectroscopic Diagnostics of Atmospheric Argon Microwave Plasma Based on an Inductive Coupling Window-Rectangular Resonator

We present a novel microwave plasma source based on an inductive coupling window-rectangular resonator. A definite volume of atmospheric argon microwave plasma is excited in the source under the input of several kilowatts of microwave power operating at 2.45 0Hz. The excitation temperature and electron temperature of the argon plasma are separately researched by using Boltzmann plot and line-to continuum intensity ratio of Ar I spectral lines. Its electron density is inferred from the Stark broadening of the Hβ line at 486.13nm.     

喷气式Z箍缩等离子体辐射软X射线能谱的研究

研制了一台五通道ROSS-FILTER-PIN软X射线能谱仪，能谱范围为0.28—1.56keV.它由5个连续能段组成，每个能段的起止边由罗斯滤片对(ROSS-FILTERS)的L或K吸收边确定.罗斯滤片对的厚度通过优化计算得到，为了使每个通道的灵敏区外响应(即所测能段外响应)与通道总响应之比最小，在滤片对的第二滤片上镀上了一定厚度的第一滤片材料；为了缩减滤片表面积以增强低能滤片的抗冲击能力及方便滤片加工，能谱仪采用了小探测面积的PIN探测器(1mm²).借助此能谱仪，测量得到了喷气式Z箍缩(Z-pinch)等离子体辐射软X射线能谱的分布，并研究了软X射线产额随箍缩状况的变化趋势. 关键词： Z箍缩等离子体 罗斯滤片 软X射线能谱     

无粘结力后张预应力钢筋在桥梁建设中的应用

为了解决天津永和斜拉桥主梁块件预制，首次提出在三向预应力块力中竖向预应力篇采用无粘结为预应为粗钢筋，主要解决块件断面较弱制孔困难，压浆串浆，简化施工工序。     

大气压微波等离子体炬的仿真设计与实验

设计了一个低成本、高稳定性的基于BJ22矩形波导的微波等离子体炬源。整个系统由1～10 kW主频2.45 GHz的磁控管微波功率源、环形器、调谐器和微波反应腔体组成。通过特殊设计的调谐装置,在气体喷嘴处产生高幅值的电场强度,使工作气体电离形成大气压开放式微波等离子体炬。对影响电场强度的几个关键因素进行了仿真,得出各个参数对场强的影响规律;根据仿真参数设计了微波反应腔体,该系统可以在大气压下激发和维持开放的稳定氩气、氦气、氮气和空气等离子体炬。对等离子体炬的基本特性和基本参数进行了研究,验证了设计参数的正确性,讨论了其可扩展性及潜在的工业应用。     

A Microwave Air Plasma Source under Atmospheric Pressure

We develop a new cavity with a mode similar to TE13 to produce microwave plasma, named APMPS Ⅱ, which is able to produce a mass of air plasma with diameter of around 6 cm, equipped with about 3 kW input power under one atmosphere. The plasma seems to be homogeneous without significant filamentous discharge as observed by common camera device. We present the theory of this cavity, show the distribution of electric field of several planes inside the cavity and give some experimental results.     

喷气Z箍缩X光辐射信号分析

 在清华大学喷气Z箍缩平台上进行了对Ne气的箍缩软X射线诊断工作。该喷气装置由4个充电至23 kV的电容器并联组成，总储能4.5 kJ，放电电流峰值210 kA，上升沿2.5 ms。实验中通过观测放电电流微分信号来观测箍缩聚焦点的位置（波形的下凹尖峰点），此尖峰也是X光辐射的时间分辨点。利用响应时间为亚ns量级的光敏半导体探测器(PIN)探头获得了Ne气箍缩时等离子体发出的软X射线信号，X光辐射出现在放电电流微分信号突变点附近。一般来说，多次箍缩会导致多次的X光辐射输出，实验中的X光脉冲实际为多个等离子热点辐射叠加的结果，单次箍缩所产生的X光辐射比多次箍缩所产生的X光辐射要强。对每次箍缩来说，单个X光脉冲信号比多个X光脉冲信号的幅值要大。     

铟网位置对无极灯253.7 nm共振谱线的影响

无极灯是一种基于高频电磁感应和无极气体放电的新型电光源,由Hg 253.7 nm共振谱线激发荧光粉进而发出可见光。通过原子发射光谱分析,实验研究了铟网位置对Hg 253.7 nm共振谱线的影响规律。研究发现,Hg 253.7 nm共振谱线的相对强度,当铟网位于耦合线圈两端时最强,位于耦合线圈中部时较弱,远离耦合线圈时最弱。并推断,存在一个最佳的铟网位置,对应最高的发光效率。结合Maxwell 3D有限元仿真,从气体放电角度对实验结果进行了定性分析,对无极灯模型设计与参数优化具有指导意义。     

石英管对平行WR-430波导谐振腔电场的影响

详细讨论了石英管对平行WR-430波导谐振腔内部电场强度的影响。在没有石英管时,电场强度在每个狭缝附近发生突变,其峰值沿着一个波导逐渐减小,而沿着另外一个波导逐渐增大。存在石英管时,内部电场变弱且沿着石英管内表面无规则振荡,而且电场沿着两个波导之间的中心轴线波动。当石英管壁厚度和离上下波导的距离分别为5和2 mm时,谐振腔内部的平均电场强度达到最大,而且电场强区面积较大。当上述两者分别超过5和2 mm时,内部电场的最大值会随着石英管壁厚度和距离逐渐减弱。低气压和大气压空气等离子体在谐振腔内部被激发,其形态比较接近各自的仿真的电场强度分布。     

一种大气微波环形波导等离子体设备

 微波等离子体相对其它等离子体而言有很多的优点，具有极高的工业应用价值。但在大气条件下，大体积的微波等离子体较难获得。为达到产生该种微波等离子体并将之应用的目的，特设计了一台环形波导反应腔设备并从事了等离子体激发的相关研究。介绍了该设备的设计思路，给出了常用的非磁化微波等离子体工作气体的击穿曲线，通过软件仿真得到了反应腔内的电场分布，并陈述了微波等离子体反应的基本现象。结合试验的结果，证明了软件仿真的正确性和装置的有效性。目前，该装置可在大气压下顺利激发一定体积的氦、氩等离子体。