中小学门口道路上学期间的一个元胞自动机模型

在已有交通流道路瓶颈、交织区和混合交通流研究的基础上,建立一个中小学门口道路区段上学期间的元胞自动机模型,对上学期间的道路交通流特性进行了模拟,对驾私家车送学生上学比例、乘校车上学比例和交警现场指挥对道路交通流的影响进行实验分析.模拟结果表明减少驾车送学生上学比例、增加乘校车学生比例、辅助以交警现场指挥,可保证交通安全,从而达到抑制交通拥堵、减少车辆总通行时间提高道路实际通行能力的目的.     

基于大系统分解协调的CDM下不正常航班恢复优化

针对不正常航班恢复以及民航调度系统中空管、机场和航空公司之间复杂的协同调度问题,设计了一个基于大系统分解协调的不正常航班调度系统分解方法.首先简述了基于CDM的航班调度系统结构及原理,然后针对不正常航班恢复所涉及的各参与主体利益需求,建立分解级协调级多级递阶结构的不正常航班恢复优化调度模型,对分解后的各子系统模型采用遗传算法优化求解.最后通过东北空域内各主要机场航班调度的算例验证分析,结果表明采用方法能够减少航班延误时间,提高航空管理和服务质量,为具体工程应用提供决策支持.     

Effects of rainy weather on traffic accidents of a freeway using cellular automata model

The aim of this work is to investigate the influence of rainy weather on traffic accidents of a freeway. The micro-scale driving behaviors in rainy weather and possible vehicle rear-end and sideslip accidents are analyzed. An improved CA model of two lanes one-way freeway is presented, where some vehicle accidents will occur when the necessary conditions are simultaneously satisfied. The characteristics of traffic flow under different rainfall intensities are discussed and the accident probabilities are analyzed via the simulation experiments by using variable speed limit(VSL) and incoming flow control. The results indicate that the measures are effective especially during heavy rainstorms or short-time heavy rainfall.According to different rainfall intensities, an appropriate strategy should be adopted in order to reduce the probability of vehicle accidents and enhance traffic flux as well.     

基于动态环境的机场航班实时调度优化研究

在对天气、空中管制等动态环境引起航班延误所造成的各主体利益损失分析及目标追求的基础上,建立单一机场航班动态实时调度微调两阶段优化模型,其中目标函数为追求航空公司、乘客利益和机场保障的经济损失加权和最小化,采用遗传算法优化求解.从最大效率利用终端区空域的角度,评估航班调度方案.具体的算例表明采用本方法能依据动态环境不断优化微调需更新的航班时刻表,达到兼顾各方利益提高机场综合服务水平的目的,证明了方法的可行性.     

基于元胞自动机模型的高速公路可变速度限制交通流特性分析

在STNS模型的基础上,建立了可利用智能交通系统实时信息的高速公路可变速度限制区段元胞自动机模型,对动态速度控制区段的交通流特性进行模拟,分析了不同有效限速值、区段长度与交通状况下的限速对交通流和道路通行能力的影响,以及限速有效性条件．模拟结果表明可变速度限制作为交通管理控制的辅助手段,具有一定的使用条件,针对不同交通状况采用不同的最优限速值和区段长度的动态速度控制方法,可在保证交通安全的前提下达到抑制交通拥堵、减少车辆总通行时间从而提高道路实际通行能力的目的．     

Influence of bus stop with left-turn lines between two adjacent signalized intersections

Based on the symmetric two-lane Nagel–Schreckenberg(STNS) model, a three-lane cellular automaton model between two intersections containing a bus stop with left-turning buses is established in which model the occurrences of vehicle accidents are taken into account. The characteristics of traffic flows with different ratios of left-turn lines are discussed via the simulation experiments. The results indicate that the left-turn lines have more negative effects on capacity,accident rate as well as delay if the stop is located close to the intersections, where the negative effect in a near-side stop is more severe than that in a far-side one. The range of appropriate position for a bus stop without the bottleneck effect becomes more and more narrow with the increase of the ratio of left-turn bus lines. When the inflow is small, a short signal cycle and a reasonable offset are beneficial. When the inflow reaches or exceeds the capacity, a longer signal cycle is helpful. But if the stop position is inappropriate, the increase of cycle fails in reducing the negative effect of left-turning buses and the effectiveness of offset is weakened.