低温促进表面等离激元共振效应及肌酐的超灵敏表面增强拉曼散射探测

肌酐是肾脏疾病诊断和监测的关键生物标志物,因此,快速、灵敏的肌酐检测非常重要.本文提供了一种通过提高低温下的光子诱导电荷转移效率来促进表面增强拉曼散射光谱(SERS)活性的有效策略.采用种子生长法获得纳米金二十面体(Au₂₀),以此作为SERS活性基底.采用极低温(98 K)SERS检测技术实现对染料分子结晶紫(CV)和生理盐水中的肌酐含量的快速、灵敏检测.实验结果表明:常温296 K下, Au₂₀基底对CV分子的检测限(LOD)低至10^–12 mol/L,并且信号均匀;低温98 K时, CV分子的LOD可达10^–14 mol/L,比296 K时降低2个数量级.最后,使用Au₂₀基底对生理盐水中的肌酐进行无标记检测.结果表明,常温296 K时该SERS基底对肌酐的LOD为10^–6 mol/L, 1619 cm^–1峰的线性相关系数为0.9839.低温98 K时,肌酐的浓度探测极限低至10^–8 mol/L, 1619...     

Silicon micro-hemispheres with periodic nanoscale rings produced by the laser ablation of single crystalline silicon

We describe the fabrication of silicon micro-hemispheres by adopting the conventional laser ablation of single crystalline silicon in the vacuum condition without using any catalysts or additives. The highly oriented structures of silicon micro-hemispheres exhibit many periodic nanoscale rings along their outer surfaces. We consider that the self-organized growth of silicon micro-structures is highly dependent on the laser intensity and background air medium. The difference between these surface modifications is attributed to the amount of laser energy deposited in the silicon material and the consequent cooling velocity.     

透镜到靶材的距离对脉冲激光诱导等离子体的影响机理研究

采用高功率抽运调Q激光器分别在真空和空气中烧蚀Ti-Al合金靶材激发等离子体,研究了在不同气体压强下透镜到靶材的距离对等离子体参数的影响机理对于焦距为111mm的聚焦透镜,当透镜到靶材距离小于透镜焦距时,随着距离逐渐接近焦距,真空和空气中电子温度、电子密度和谱线强度均逐渐增强.当透镜到靶材距离大于透镜焦距时,真空中,电子温度和电子密度仍然继续升高,而谱线强度却变化不大.空气中,等离子体参数却有不同的演化特性:等离子体的电子温度、电子密度和谱线强度在透镜到靶材距离为107 mm时达到最大值,当距离继续增大时,均呈现出迅速下降的趋势,当透镜到靶材距离大于112mm时,电子温度和电子密度又有明显上升,特征谱线强度却大幅下降.     

Self-Organized Micro-Columns and Nano-Spheres Generated by Pulsed Laser Ablation of Ti/A1 Alloy in Water

Dense arrays of micro-columns are formed on the surface of Ti-AI alloy by cumulative nanosecond pulsed laser ablation in water. The fabric-like structure characterized by Ti-A1 nano-spheres absorbed on micro-duster in liquid is most likely responsible for the occurrence of laser micro-etching and localized melting, resulting in continuous deepening of micro-holes and the formation of micro-columns. Laser induced plasma spectroscopy is carried out to reveal the effect of micro-columns on subsequent pulse laser ablation. The intensity of spectral lines from Ti ions by additional laser ablation of the modified spot is higher than that created over a smooth surface. These results suggest that the micro-columns lead to an enhanced absorption of the following laser energy. The proposed results and relevant discussions are of importance for the development of light-trapping coatings on a metal surface.     

激光烧蚀高纯Zn形成的微米金属球体对后续脉冲激光的耦合增强效应

脉冲激光束在低真空(约2 Pa)环境下聚焦到高纯Zn靶表面, 烧蚀区域不仅有中心深孔的宏观损伤, 而且还发现大量微米量级的类似足球形状的金属Zn球体结构附着生长在孔洞内侧表面. 实验过程中采用等离子体光谱诊断技术研究宏观和微观损伤对后续脉冲激光的影响程度. 与聚焦于金属Zn平滑表面相比, 宏观损伤可以使后续激光诱导的Zn原子334.5 nm谱线强度提高10.3%, 在此基础上大量Zn微米球体附着在内表面可以使谱线强度再提高34.3%. 因此, 推断这些金属Zn微球表面镶嵌着光洁的纳米量级六边形和五边形小平面, 可以对后续脉冲激光产生镜面反射, 使得激光能量汇聚并耦合增强, 提高烧蚀效率. 实验结果还表明, 这些微米球体的数目随着激光脉冲次数的增加而增多, 使得后续激光能够诱导产生更为致密高温的等离子体. 研究结果有望为激光-金属微孔技术提供新思路. 关键词： 脉冲激光烧蚀 微纳米结构 激光诱导等离子体