DYNAMIC SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF INFRASONIC SIGNAL WITH HILBERT TRANSFORM

In the past we analyzde the dynamic spectrum of infrasonic waves with FFT,but that isnot suitable to this analysis in any case.In this paper another method is proposed to analyzeinfrasonic waves.This method is that,after digital filtering of the signal and Hilbert transform,this paper the computation of the envelope with Hilbert transform and 1/12-octave filter are dis-cussed.Then a synthetic infrasonic signal generated by a large nuclear explosion is analyzed withthe two methods,and their results are compared.It is shown that,in the dynamic spectrum,usingHilbert transform,not only higher resolution is obtained,the main frequency range of separatedmodes can be achieved,but also their waveform can be obtained preliminarily for some modes.Thus it seems that in some cases this method is more efficient for discovering the characteristicsof an infrasonic signal.     

声-重力波在分层大气中传播频散的理论和测试结果

本文推导了计及重力效应运动媒质中的次声波动方程和用速度的散度表示的分层大气模型下的频散方程;并利用与实际大气较为接近的多层大气模型计算了声-重力波的频散特性。数值计算结果表明,相速度和群速度具有两个分支,即声分支和重力分支。声分支的频散受风的影响较大,通常顺风和逆风的情况下,在短周期部分群速度可差10％以上,而且频散较大。重力分支在某种大气模型下,可以出现几组,它们频散特性有较大的差别。这一新的结果符合实验得到大爆炸次声波传播的频散特性。     

CHARACTERISTICS OF A UNIFORM PIPE ARRAY AND ITS APPLICATION TO INFRASONIC RECEPTION

In this paper the acoustic behaviour of a uniform pipe array,one end of which is connected to aninfrasonic transducer and the other is terminated with an acoustic impedance,is discussed.Both theo-retical analysis and computation of the response of the pipe array are given.Influenes of the impedan-ces at the terminal and of the transducer on the response are shown.By using these results the frequen-cy and phase responses and the directivity can be calculated as a plane sound wave pass across thearray. The pipe array is used for detecting the infrasonic or gravity waves in wind noise.A model of windnoise is established and its average power spectrum density function and coherence can be computed.Based on the theoretical analysis of the pipe array,some imporvement in the signal-to-noise ratioof infrasonic waves in the wind noise back-ground can be got by calculation.Results of a numericalexample obtained by computer programme are given.It is found that there is a significant improve-ment in the period range     

THE THEORY AND MEASURED RESULTS FOR THE DISPERSION OF ACOUSTIC GRAVITY WAVES IN LAYERED ATMOSPHERE

The equation of infrasonic wave taking into account the gravitational effect in moving media isderived,with multi-layer atmospheric model.The equations of frequency dispersion are specified bydivergence of velocty,using a multi-layer atmospheric model.The dispersion characteristic ofacoustic-gravity wave is evaluated.Numerical results have shown that both the phase and groupvelocities are different two,the acoustic and gravity-waves.The dispersion of the acoustic velocitiesare more sensitive to wind.Usually the short period group velocity in downwind can differ aslarge as 10% from that in upwind.In some atmospheric model,the gravity-waves velocities areagain divided to several groups,with different dispersion characteristics.The new results of infrasonicdispersion characteristics agree well with the observations from the nuclear explosion.     

用于提高信噪比的圆形次声接收阵

地面风产生的扰动噪声影响周期大于10s的次声波的检测。风干扰的背景噪声在阵元之间是不相干的,而对次声信号而言,它是相关的,所以次声阵可以提高信噪比。 本文介绍了圆形次声阵的工作原理;简便的计算公式;设计技术;微气压计阵的校准方法和阵的实验结果。从大量的数据统计计算可知,该阵提高信噪比12dB。     

次声方法测定台风方位的试验

海上台风眼中的驻波或大浪可以辐射出次声波,在几千公里远用灵敏的次声传声器可以接收到它。我们在我国沿海地区安装了次声观察站,在有关部门的协作下,记录到大量台风产生的次声波,为了试验次声测定台风信号到达方位的方法,1978年夏季在福州建立了探测台风的次声阵,本文简要叙述试验用次声测试系统和测定方位角的方法及结果。     

DISPERSIVE THEORY AND NUMERICAL COMPUTATION OF THE ACOUSTIC-GRAVITY WAVE IN TWO-LAYER MODEL

Based on the two-layer model suggested by Pekeris, a developed theory of the dispersionof the acoustic-gravity wave dealing with a constant wind speed in each layer is discussed in thispaper. From the basic wave equations of the acoustic-gravity wave,the confluent hypergeometic equa-tion for the two-layer model with a constant wind speed is derived,and its general solutions aregiven.We obtain the dispersive equation by utilizing the continuous condition of the vertical veloc-ity of air particle motion and the sound pressure on the boundary between the two layers,aswell as the stiffness condition on the ground.The analytical representations of the phase andgroup velocities are also given. The methods of the computation are given in detail.The results of numerical calculation onthe computer show that the wind speeds have a great effect on the propagation of the acoustic-gravity wave.The phase and group velocities depend on the wind speeds in two layer.Theexcited cutoff frequency of the acoustic-gravity wa     

台风产生次声波的测试及其应用

海上风暴激起的驻波式大浪可以辐射出次声波[1].如果能在远距离接收到台风产生的次声波,并测定出它的方位,那么就可以用次声方法探测台风. 我们自1975年开始在广东、福建和浙江等地设置了许多次声观察站,在福建省气象局和海军部门的协作下,记录到大量台风产生的次声波.说明了次声方法可以用于探测台风.在试验中发现今年8号台风次声信号发生异常,与台风突然转向并登陆有一定联系.声压异常变化与台风转向在时间上有相应提前量,如果今后试验证明它具有普遍性,那么次声方法将可用于预报台风路径. 本文叙述次声测试方法及其结果、台风产生次声波…     

用希尔伯特变换分析次声信号的动态谱

以往习惯上用快速傅里叶变换对次声信号进行动态谱分析,但该方法不一定都合适。在本文中提出另一种分析次声信号动态谱的方法,是经数字滤波和希尔伯特变换以后,计算每一通道内信号的包络,而滤波器是按 1/12倍频程划分的。在本文中讨论了用希尔伯特变换求信号的包络,及1/12倍频程滤波器,然而用二种方法分析一个合成的核爆炸次声信号,对它们计算的结果进行比较。用希尔伯特变换求出的动态谱,不仅有较高的分辨率,可以获得各简正波的主要频率范围,还可以初步获得几个低阶简正波的波形。本方法表明在某些情形中更能反映次声信号的特性。