高能重离子超边缘碰撞中极化光致反应

本文旨在对近期高能重离子超边缘碰撞中光致产生过程的研究做一个简要综述.相对论性重离子激发的超强电磁场可以被近似认为是一束极高亮度的等效相干光子束流.本文主要讨论两类等效光子参与的高能产生过程:准实光子融合产生轻子对即Breit-Wheeler过程,以及等效光子与原子核内的胶子物质相互作用导致的矢量介子衍射产生过程.这两类过程是研究重离子超边缘碰撞的传统课题,本文主要侧重于讨论碰撞参数依赖效应与末态软光子重求和效应.另一方面,最近一系列研究揭示了相对论重离子所激发的准实光子是高度线性极化的,其极化方向平行于光子横动量方向;并指出可以通过重离子超边缘碰撞中轻子对产生过程的cos 4?方位角不对称来测量光子的线偏振度.这一理论预言随后被SATR合作组的测量所证实.伴随这一新的理论与实验进展,线性极化光子束流同时也给我们提供了一种新颖的实验手段,用来研究量子色动力学唯象学.如线偏振准实光子可导致矢量介子衍射产生过程的各种方位角不对称,通过研究这些方位角不对称可以让我们更深入地理解高能散射过程的双缝干涉效应、库仑-核反应的干涉过程,以及抽取光子维格纳函数等.本文将详述这些效应并讨论未来的理论与实...     

Flavor Changing Top Quark Decay and Bottom-Strange Production in the Littlest Higgs Model with T-parity

Flavor changing effects on the processes t → ch, e+e- → bs, e+e-→ bsh and pp → bs in the LHT model are investigated in this paper. We calculate the one-loop level contributions from the T-parity odd mirror fermions and gauge bosons. The results show that the top quark rare decay t → ch in the LHT model can be significantly enhanced relative to that in the SM. The bs production at linear colliders in the LHT model can enhance the SM cross section a lot and reach 0.1 fb in some parameter space allowed in the experiment. But the heavy gauge boson and mirror fermion loops have small contribution to the processes pp → bs and e+e-→ bsh. So the LHT effect on e+e-→ bs might be detected at future linear colliders, while it is too small to be seen for the e+e-→ bsh and pp → bs processes at future linear colliders and LHC.