Morphological and structural damage investigation of nanostructured molybdenum fuzzy surface after pulsed plasma bombardment

Steady high-flux helium (He) plasma with energy ranging from 50 eV to 90 eV is used to fabricate a fiber-form nanostructure called fuzz on a polycrystalline molybdenum (Mo) surface. Enhanced hydrogen (H) pulsed plasma in a wide power density range of 12 MW/m²-35 MW/m² is subsequently used to bombard the fuzzy Mo, thereby simulating the damage of edge localized mode (ELM) to fuzz. The comparisons of surface morphologies, crystalline structures, and optical reflectivity between the original Mo and the Mo treated with various He⁺ energy and transient power densities are performed. With the increase of He ion energy, the Mo nano-fuzz evolved density is enlarged due to the decrease of filament diameter and optical reflectivity. The fuzz-enhanced He release should be the consequence of crystalline growth and the lattice shrinkage inside the Mo-irradiated layers (~200 nm). The fuzz induced by lower energy experiences more severe melting damage and dust release under the condition of the identical transient H plasma-bombardment. The H and He are less likely to be trapped due to aggravated melting evidenced by the enhanced crystalline size and distinct lattice shrinkage. As the transient power density rises, the thermal effect is enhanced, thereby causing the fuzz melting loss to aggravate and finally to completely disappear when the power density exceeds 21 MW/m². Irreversible grain expansion results in huge tensile stress, leading to the observable brittle cracking. The effects of transient thermal load and He ion energy play a crucial role in etching Mo fuzz during ELM transient events.     

高通鸟笼线圈激发螺旋波等离子体特性研究

研制了高通鸟笼线圈,使用氩气作为工质气体对射频天线的工作性能进行了初步评估。利用COMSOL5.4模拟出了鸟笼天线在13.56MHz的工作频率下,电场和磁场呈线性极化分布。对鸟笼线圈进行了电路结构解剖,推导出了其谐振频率计算公式。利用热耦合红外测温仪测试了正常工作状态下的鸟笼线圈外表温度明显低于传统射频天线,电容器最高温度仅65.8°。使用光谱仪对螺旋波等离子体放电光谱特性进行诊断。通过朗缪尔探针诊断了不同压强和磁场强度下螺旋波等离子体密度,在1.0Pa、600Gs、射频功率700W条件下等离子体密度达到1.62×10¹⁸m^-3。诊断了正向功率和反向功率对应的等离子体密度,其与磁滞现象变化趋势雷同。测试了螺旋波等离子体的径向密度分布,其在轴心处密度达到最高。探究了无磁场条件下等离子体特性,其密度值不会发生大幅度跃迁,纵向磁场是引发螺旋波等离子体放电的关键因素,低压条件下有利于得到更低的电子温度,最低达到2.67eV。表明鸟笼线圈低热耗、高馈入的特性使其在激发大体积的高密度螺旋波等离子体方面具有明显优势,可以投入到下一阶段氢气螺旋波等离子体的激...     

液态金属催化裂解甲烷制氢动力学研究

液态金属催化甲烷热解是一种高效生产氢气且无二氧化碳排放的新兴技术.本文开发了一个液态金属裂解反应器催化甲烷热解的数值模型,在实验室自主搭建的液态金属制氢平台上得到的实验数据与模型预测结果吻合良好.该模型是基于甲烷在气液界面发生的催化热解、气泡内部发生的非催化热解过程和气泡上升过程中的流动行为,耦合了催化和非催化反应动力学和流体力学所建立的.使用气体体积流速、压力、气体成分、温度和液态金属性质(密度、黏度和表面张力)预测气泡尺寸和熔体中的气含率.该模型较好地预测了液态铜铋合金(Cu_0.45Bi_0.55)催化甲烷热解实验中不同温度、不同甲烷进气流量和液态金属高度下的甲烷转化率,得到了催化甲烷热解过程中的气含率、表观气体速率和压力沿液态金属高度的分布.实验数据与模型预测结果的高度吻合证明了模型的可靠性,该模型未来将有助于反应器优化和氢产率提高.