Shadowgraph investigation of plasma shock wave evolution from Al target under 355-nm laser ablation

The propagation of a plasma shock wave generated from an Al target surface ablated by a nanosecond Nd:YAG laser operating at 355 nm in air is investigated at the different focusing positions of the laser beam by using a time-resolved shadowgraph imaging technique. The results show that in the case of a target surface set at the off-focus position, the condition of the focal point behind or in front of the target surface greatly influences the evolution of an Al plasma shock wave, and an ionization channel forms in the case of the focal point set in front of the target surface. Moreover, it is found that the shadowgraph with the evolution time around 100 ns shows that a protrusion appears at the front tip of the shock wave if the focal point is at the target surface. In addition, the calculated results of the expanding velocity of the shock wave front, the mass density, and pressure just behind the shock wave front are presented based on the shadowgraphs.     

表面等离子体激元的若干新应用

表面等离子体激元（SPPs）是在金属和介质界面传播的一种波动模式。本文首先叙述了SPPs的相关特性和激发方式,给出了一种基于表面等离子体激元共振（SPR）场增强原理产生相干极紫外辐射的方法,利用该方法可极大地提高光源的光子流量。分析了SPPs在生物及医疗领域的新应用,并对其在治疗癌症方面的技术原理进行了讨论。介绍了SPPs在新型光源和能源领域的发展和应用情况,综述了SPPs在太阳能电池、光子芯片以及集成电路方面的新工艺和新技术,包括最近几年来所取得的一些重要成果。最后讨论了SPPs在光存储方面的快速发展和巨大贡献。     

基于群智能和冲突规避策略的基因-基因交互作用检测方法

针对当前检测基因-基因交互作用方法中存在的一些缺陷,提出一种基于群智能和冲突规避策略的基因-基因交互作用检测方法（DEIBSC）.以SNP（single nucleotide polymorphism）为研究对象,从大量SNP中选出具有显著基因-基因交互作用的SNP组.初始化多个SNP组作为初值,同时产生多条搜索路径,利用得分单调递增原则寻找问题的解,通过冲突规避策略和群智能动态调整搜索路径的方向,使得到的解更能反映基因-基因交互作用在基因组范围内分布的情况.在仿真数据和真实数据上的实验证实,本文方法在统计能力上可以和SNPHarvester方法相比,在效率上有明显优势,得到的结果能够更广泛地代表基因-基因交互作用在基因组的分布.