Structural phase transition behaviour of ZnaSb3 and its substitutional compounds （Zn0.98M0.02）4Sb3 （M = Al,Ga and In） at low temperatures

Structural phase transitions of Zn4Sb3 and its substitutional compounds (Zn0.98M0.02)4Sb3 (M = Al, Ga and In) are investigated by electrical transport measurement and differential scanning calorimetry below room temperature. The results indicate that both β→α and α→α′ phase transitions of Zn4Sb3 are reversible and exothermic processes, which may be explained as that both the transitions originate from the ordering of the disordered interstitial Zn and vacancies in regular sizes. The derived activation energies of β→α and α→α′ phase transition processes for Zn4Sb3 are E1 = 3.9 eV and E2 = 4.1 eV, respectively. Although no remarkable influence on activation energy E2 is observed after Al doping, Al substitution for Zn causes E1 to increase to 4.6 eV, implying its suppression of βα transition to a great extent. Moreover, it is found that both βα and αα′ transitions are completely prohibited by substitution of either In or Ga for Zn in Zn4Sb3. The underlying mechanisms for these phenomena are discussed.     

冲击载荷下径向密度排布对泡沫金属力学性能影响的研究

参照层状密度梯度泡沫模型实现方法，利用3D-Voronoi技术设计了新型径向密度梯度泡沫模型，并用有限元软件，对它在不同冲击载荷下的力学行为进行数值模拟。研究冲击速度、密度梯度和平均相对密度对金属泡沫冲击端、支撑端应力和能量吸收能力的影响，发现:径向正梯度泡沫与层状正、负梯度泡沫相比，其两端的应力值均较小，可同时保护冲击端、支撑端物体；径向负梯度泡沫两端应力变化幅度较小，能够保证物体受力稳定；几种泡沫金属的能量吸收能力在不同冲击速度下发生交替变化。对于径向梯度泡沫，能量吸收能力对密度梯度大小不敏感，对梯度方向敏感，径向负梯度泡沫的能量吸收能力始终大于径向正梯度泡沫；平均相对密度越大，径向正、负梯度泡沫两端应力越大、吸能效果越好。