双二茂铁甲氨基异丙醇的合成与晶体结构

双二茂铁甲醇与BF3在CH2Cl2中与BF3作用形成的双二茂铁甲基碳正离子, 无需从溶液中分离出来, 便可直接与异丙醇胺反应得到双二茂铁甲氨基异丙醇,且产率较高。由乙醇重结晶得到的单晶经X射线衍射法测试表明, 该化合物晶体属三斜晶系, P空间群, 化学式为2[C24H27Fe2NO]CH3CH2OH, Mr = 960.40。晶胞参数: a = 10.6825(7), b = 14.463(1), c = 15.794(1) , ?= 69.593(1), b = 75.535(1), g = 81.302(1)? V = 2208.9(3) 3, Z = 2, Dc = 1.444 g/cm3, m(MoKa) = 1.332 mm-1, F(000) = 1004, 对于I > 2(I)的4742个衍射点, 最终的R = 0.0525、wR = 0.0704。晶体结构由2分子双二茂铁甲氨基异丙醇和1分子乙醇通过氢键缔合组成。     

锂离子电池锡氧化物基负极材料的湿化学合成与电化学性质

采用新兴的湿化学方法合成了锡氧化物基粉末材料。用X-射线衍射、扫描电镜和电化学方法对材料的微观结构、形貌和电化学性能进行了详细的研究。结果表明，经400 ℃热处理4 h的锡氧化物基材料的颗粒大小均匀，平均粒径约为200 nm。这种材料的可逆充电容量超过570 mAh·g^-1，30次循环后平均每次循环的容量衰减只有0.15%。良好的电化学性能表明锡氧化物基材料有望作为新一代锂离子电池的负极材料。     

嵌段共聚物/均聚物共混体系的结晶行为 I. 非球状共聚物胶束的作用

将Leibler, Whitmore和Mayes等近期关于非晶嵌段共聚物“稀固体溶液”的理论应用于嵌段聚共聚物结晶型“稀固体溶液”结晶行为的研究。发现球状共聚物胶束既可起成核剂作用, 也可起抑制成核作用。报导了当共聚物胶束由球形变为非球形时, 共聚物胶束的上述作用都会发生较大的变化, 并根据Leibler和Mayes分别提出的球形和非球形胶束理论解释了这一实验现象。     

Two new aromadendrane sesquiterpenes from Verticillium psalliotae

The chemical constituents of the fungus Verticillium psalliotae were studied. Two new aromadendrane sesquiterpenes inonotin M (1) and inonotin N (2) were isolated from the EtOAc extract of the fungal culture broth. The structures of compounds were elucidated mainly by HRESIMS experiments, and 1D, 2D-NMR spectroscopy analysis.     

Antennal morphology, structure and sensilla distribution in Microplitis pallidipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Microplitis pallidipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is an important larval parasitoid of noctuid larval pests. In this study, we describe the morphology, ultrastructure and distribution of sensilla on the antennae of both male and female adults using scanning electron microscopy; complemented with transmission electron microscopy. Observations determined that the antennae of M. pallidipes were threadlike and the flagella were composed of 16 sub-segments. Totally, there were six types of sensilla found on the antennae. They were identified as Sensilla trichodea, Sensilla chaetica, Sensilla basiconica type I, S. basiconica type II, Sensilla coeloconicum, and elongated Sensilla placodea, respectively. The S. trichodea were the most abundant sensilla and distributed over the entire antennae, while S. basiconica I and II, S. coeloconicum, and elongated S. placodea were limited to the flagellum. S. chaetica were found on the scape and pedicle in very low numbers. The S. basiconica II and elongated S. placodea walls were full of pores as evident in transmission electron micrographs. Though the shape and structure of antennae between male and female adults were not basically different, the length and width of the antennae on male wasps were significantly greater than that of females. Also, the number, size and density of S. placodea of the male were significantly greater than those of females. The morphology and structure of these sensilla were compared with that found in other braconid wasps. Their possible functions are discussed in light of previously published literature.     

A modified descent method for co-coercive variational inequalities

This paper presents a modified descent method for solving co-coercive variational inequalities. Incorporating with the techniques of identifying descent directions and optimal step sizes along these directions, the new method improves the efficiencies of some existing projection methods. Some numerical results for an economic equilibrium problem are reported.     

壁面反应对微小通道内燃烧影响的数值模拟

对微小通道内氢气／空气预混火焰进行了数值模拟。通过对比考虑壁面反应和不考虑壁面反应的微通道内燃烧特性的差异,考察了壁面反应对微通道内燃烧状况的影响,揭示了壁面附近自由基行为和壁面反应、气相反应的相互关系,并探讨了不同尺度下壁面反应效应的程度。结果表明,壁面反应改变了微火焰结构,近壁面附近的自由基被吸附,在径向上出现了明...     

Two-dimensional photon counting imaging detector based on a Vernier position sensitive anode readout

A two-dimensional photon counting imaging detector based on a Vernier position sensitive anode is reported. The decode principle and design of a two-dimensional Vernier anode are introduced in detail. A photon counting imaging system was built based on a Vernier anode. The image of very weak optical radiation can be reconstructed by image processing in a period of integration time. The resolution is superior to 100 μm according to the resolution test. The detector may realize the imaging of very weak particle flow of high-energy photons, electrons and ions, so it can be used for high-energy physics, deep space exploration, spectral measurement and bio-luminescence detection.     

A note on the trace quotient problem

The trace quotient problem or the trace ratio problem (TRP) is to find an orthogonal matrix \(V\in \mathbb{R }^{m\times \ell } ~(m\ge \ell )\) that maximizes the quotient \({{\mathrm{tr}}}(V^\top BV)/{{\mathrm{tr}}}(V^\top WV)\) for a given symmetric matrix \(B\in \mathbb R ^{m\times m}\) and a symmetric positive definite matrix \(W\in \mathbb R ^{m\times m}.\) It has a crucial role in linear discriminant analysis and has many other applications in computer vision and machine learning as well. In this short note, we first establish the classical first and second order optimality conditions for TRP. As a straightforward application of these optimality conditions, we contribute a simple proof for the property that TRP does not admit local non-global maximizer, which is first proved by Shen et al. (A geometric revisit to the trace quotient problem, proceedings of the 19th International Symposium of Mathematical Theory of Networks and Systems, 2010) based on Grassmann manifold. Without involving much knowledge of the underlying differential geometry, our proof primarily uses basic properties in linear algebra, which also leads to an effective starting pointing strategy for any monotonically convergent iteration to find the global maximizer of TRP.