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Dr. Marzia Dell'Aera Dr. Filippo Maria Perna Dr. Paola Vitale Dr. Angela Altomare Prof. Alessandro Palmieri Dr. Lewis C. H. Maddock Leonie J. Bole Dr. Alan R. Kennedy Prof. Eva Hevia Prof. Vito Capriati 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,26(40):8742-8748
We report the first transition metal catalyst- and ligand-free conjugate addition of lithium tetraorganozincates (R4ZnLi2) to nitroolefins. Displaying enhanced nucleophilicity combined with unique chemoselectivity and functional group tolerance, homoleptic aliphatic and aromatic R4ZnLi2 provide access to valuable nitroalkanes in up to 98 % yield under mild conditions (0 °C) and short reaction time (30 min). This is particularly remarkable when employing β-nitroacrylates and β-nitroenones, where despite the presence of other electrophilic groups, selective 1,4 addition to the C=C is preferred. Structural and spectroscopic studies confirmed the formation of tetraorganozincate species in solution, the nature of which has been a long debated issue, and allowed to unveil the key role played by donor additives on the aggregation and structure of these reagents. Thus, while chelating N,N,N’,N’-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) and (R,R)-N,N,N’,N’-tetramethyl-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (TMCDA) favour the formation of contacted-ion pair zincates, macrocyclic Lewis donor 12-crown-4 triggers an immediate disproportionation process of Et4ZnLi2 into equimolar amounts of solvent-separated Et3ZnLi and EtLi. 相似文献
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AbstractExperimental studies conducted on some species of Mediterranean red algae allowed to identify Sphaerococcus coronopifolius Stackhouse as a valid alternative to the Pacific alga Gloiopeltis furcata (Postels & Ruprecht) J. Agardh, for the extraction of a material usable as natural consolidant and adhesive in the field of restoration. Promising results have been observed by comparing the extracts obtained from these two algae after the same extraction procedure. Chemical analysis (FTIR) revealed that S. coronopifolius has qualities similar to G. furcata. Even more promising results for S. coronopifolius compared to G. furcata were observed after the analysis of pH and conductivity, and the adhesion tests carried out on both extracts. 相似文献
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Giuseppe Micalizzi Filippo Alibrando Federica Vento Emanuela Trovato Mariosimone Zoccali Paolo Guarnaccia Paola Dugo Luigi Mondello 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(6)
A microwave distillation method was optimized for the extraction and isolation of cannabis essential oil from fresh and dried hemp inflorescences. The developed method enabled us to obtain a distilled product rich in terpenes and terpenoid compounds, responsible of the typical and unique smell of the cannabis plant. The distillate from different hemp cultivars, including Kompolti, Futura 75, Carmagnola, Felina 32 and Finola were characterized by using a gas chromatograph equipped with both mass spectrometer and flame ionization detectors. In a single chromatographic run, the identity and absolute amounts of distilled compounds were determined. Peak assignment was established using a reliable approach based on the usage of two identification parameters, named reverse match, and linear retention index filter. Absolute quantification (mg g−1) of the analytes was performed using an internal standard method applying the flame ionization detector (FID) response factors according to each chemical family. An enantio-GC-MS method was also developed in order to evaluate the enantiomeric distribution of chiral compounds, an analytical approach commonly utilized for establishing the authenticity of suspicious samples. 相似文献
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Dr. Alessandra Alberti Dr. Ioannis Deretzis Dr. Giovanna Pellegrino Dr. Corrado Bongiorno Dr. Emanuele Smecca Dr. Giovanni Mannino Dr. Filippo Giannazzo Prof. Guglielmo Guido Condorelli Dr. Nobuya Sakai Prof. Tsutomu Miyasaka Dr. Corrado Spinella Dr. Antonino La Magna 《Chemphyschem》2015,16(14):3064-3071
We investigate the degradation path of MAPbI3 (MA=methylammonium) films over flat TiO2 substrates at room temperature by means of X‐ray diffraction, spectroscopic ellipsometry, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. The degradation dynamics is found to be similar in air and under vacuum conditions, which leads to the conclusion that the occurrence of intrinsic thermodynamic mechanisms is not necessarily linked to humidity. The process has an early stage, which drives the starting tetragonal lattice in the direction of a cubic atomic arrangement. This early stage is followed by a phase change towards PbI2. We describe how this degradation product is structurally coupled with the original MAPbI3 lattice through the orientation of its constituent PbI6 octahedra. Our results suggest a slight octahedral rearrangement after volatilization of HI+CH3NH2 or MAI, with a relatively low energy cost. Our experiments also clarify why reducing the interfaces and internal defects in the perovskite lattice enhances the stability of the material. 相似文献
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Boundary, a plant fortifier composed of extracts of Sophora flavescens Aiton and brown algae, was tested for control of the leaf miner Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) on tomato (three trials) and of the red spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch on eggplant (one trial) and for side effects on the whitefly predator Macrolophus pygmaeus (Kambur) (two trials) on tomato and on the thrips predators Orius laevigatus (Fieber) and Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (two trials) on pepper, all in cold greenhouses in South Italy. Control rates for T. absoluta were moderate (40–70%) in the autumn crop but very high and comparable to those for emamectin benzoate in the spring crops (96–100%). Boundary compared well with abamectin against T. urticae, with near complete control. M. pygmaeus was moderately injured in late autumn, but not in early autumn. At the tested application rate and predator population density Boundary was safe for O. laevigatus and A. swirskii. 相似文献