对油脂过氧化值测定中碘化钾饱和溶液变质和保存的分析

碘化钾饱和溶液是测定油脂过氧化值试验中的一个重要试剂，油脂氧化过程中产生过氧化物，与碘化钾作用生成游离碘，以硫代硫酸钠标准溶液滴定。该试剂放置易氧化变黄，一般现配现用，但所配溶液不能被完全使用，浪费较大。笔者经研究发现，新配制的碘化钾饱和溶液和被氧化变黄的碘化钾饱和溶液的pH值相差较大，通过调整碘化钾饱和溶液的pH值，可防止碘化钾饱和溶液被氧化从而析出游离碘，同时节约试剂成本。     

Alternating copolymer of thiophene andN‐(phenylethynyl)pyrrole. New π‐conjugated alternating five‐membered ring copolymer and its packing structure

An alternating copolymer, Copoly‐1 , of thiophene and N‐(phenylethynyl)pyrrole was prepared by palladium‐catalyzed polycondensation. Powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that Copoly‐1 formed a stacked packing structure with doubly‐running polymer main chains. Optical data support the molecular and packing structures of Copoly‐1 . © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 2219–2224, 2005     

Direct and Fast Electrochemical Determination of Catechin in Tea Extracts using SWCNT‐Subphthalocyanine Hybrid Material

In this study, single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were covalently functionalized by terminal ethynyl bearing subphthalocyanine (SubPc) to obtain a new hybrid material, viz. SWCNT‐SubPc (CS), via “click” reaction for the first time. The structural characterization and study of the electrochemical sensor properties of the CS hybrid material to catechin were carried out. A convenient and fast analytical method was offered for the determination of catechin. It was shown that the deposition of CS on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) led to a 2.2 and 8‐fold increase in the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) responses to catechin in Britton‐Robinson (BR) buffer solution (a pH of 3) in comparison with SWCNT‐modified and bare GCE, respectively. The dynamic range, detection and quantification limits of catechin were determined to be 0.1–1.5 μM, 13 nM and 43 nM, respectively. Selectivity of the suggested CS/GCE sensor was investigated on addition of a number of interfering metal ions, antioxidants and biomolecules. The applicability of the modified electrode for the detection of catechin in real tea samples such as green, rosehip fruit, Turkish and Indian black tea was demonstrated with the standard addition method. Along with the ease in fabrication and low prices, the proposed CS/GCE sensor was reproducible, selective, stable and sensitive to catechin in major types of tea samples.     

Spatial distribution and risk assessment of radioactivity and heavy metal levels of sediment,surface water and fish samples from Lake Van,Turkey

In this study, radioactivity levels of 228 lake water samples, 63 upper and depth sediment samples and 12 fish samples from Lake Van were investigated from 2005 to 2008 and the distribution patterns of the radionuclides were presented. Analysis included gross alpha–beta and total radium isotopes activities and uranium concentrations of the water, and gross alpha and gross beta activities and relevant ²³⁸U, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K activity of the sediment and fish samples of the lake. Mean gross alpha, gross beta and radium isotopes activities of lake water were found 0.74 ± 0.46, 0.02 ± 0.01 and 0.06 ± 0.04 Bq/L, respectively. Mean gross alpha and beta activities in upper and depth sediments were found to be 41 ± 6 and 1,514 ± 74 Bq/kg; 77 ± 5 and 394 ± 24 Bq/kg at a 95 % confidence level, respectively. Mean activities of ²³⁸U, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K activity concentrations in upper and depth sediments were determined to be 225 ± 22, 70 ± 7 and 486 ± 39 Bq/kg; 174 ± 4, 63 ± 3 and 263 ± 25 Bq/kg, respectively. The mean gross alpha and beta, ²³⁸U, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K aktivities in fish samples were established as 47 ± 18, 470 ± 12, 0.57 ± 0.220, 0.022 ± 0.006, 319 ± 11 Bq/kg, respectively. The transfer factor from lake water to fish tissues, annual intake by humans consuming fish, and annual committed effective doses were estimated and evaluated.     

Asymmetrically tetra-substituted phthalocyanine derivatives: synthesis,photophysical and photochemical properties

Transition Metal Chemistry - The syntheses of highly soluble asymmetrically substituted metal free and zinc phthalocyanine derivatives bearing three 4-(4-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenoxy) and...     

Novel nonperipheral octa-3-hydroxypropylthio substituted metallo-phthalocyanines: synthesis,characterization, and investigation of their electrochemical,photochemical and computational properties

The current study describes the synthesis, electrochemical, computational, and photochemical properties of octa (3-hydroxypropylthio) substituted cobalt (II) ( 4 ), copper (II) ( 5 ), nickel (II) ( 6 ) and zinc(II) ( 7 ) phthalocyanine derivatives. These novel compounds were characterized by elemental analysis,¹H,¹³C NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis, and MS. The redox behaviors of these metallo-phthalocyanines were investigated by the cyclic voltammetric method. The optimized molecular structure and gauge-including atomic orbital (GIAO)¹H and¹³C NMR chemical shift values of these phthalocyanines in the ground state had been calculated by using B3LYP/6–31G(d,p) basis set. The outcomes of the optimized molecular structure were given and compared with the experimental NMR values. The photochemical properties including photodegradation and singlet oxygen generation of zinc(II) phthalocyanine were studied in DMSO solution for the determination of its photosensitizer behaviors.     

基于脉冲微反装置的Au/HZSM-5催化剂上正丁烷反应性能研究

以HZSM-5沸石分子筛为载体,尿素为沉淀剂,采用常压沉积-沉淀法和负压沉积-沉淀法制备了系列Au/HZSM-5沸石催化剂并采用常规催化剂表征方法对其进行了表征.用脉冲微反装置评价了纯正丁烷(99.9%)在氢型和金改性的纳米HZSM-5催化剂上的反应活性和烯烃选择性.结果表明,在550℃下,负压沉积-沉淀法制备的不同金负载量的纳米HZSM-5催化剂上的转化率和烯烃选择性都远高于常压沉积沉淀法制备的催化剂.改性量为2.0%的Au/HZSM-5-A(负压)催化剂正丁烷转化率达到了58.0%、烯烃选择性为57.2%.脱氢和脱甲基活化是正丁烷的重要活化方式,也是影响其烯烃选择性的主要因素.金改性在提高正丁烷转化率的同时,也促进了正丁烷的脱氢和脱甲基活化.纳米HZSM-5因晶粒度小,孔道短和微孔扩散阻力低而有利于正丁烷转化.负压有利于清除HZSM-5内部的无定型杂质和脱气净化处理,有利于金的负载量和分散度.     

基于正电荷和光热协同效应的新型半导体聚合物纳米抗菌材料

由于抗生素的不当使用和细菌多药耐药的出现, 迫切需要开发新的抗菌剂. 本文制备了具有光热转换性能的正电荷半导体高分子材料及具有协同抗菌活性的半导体聚合物纳米粒子(SP-PPh₃ NPs). SP-PPh₃ NPs的光热转化效率为43.8%. 带正电荷的SP-PPh₃ NPs可以附着在细菌上, 有助于将热量有效传递给细菌. 在热和正电荷的协同作用下, SP-PPh₃ NPs对革兰氏阴性大肠杆菌(E. coli)和革兰氏阳性金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)均具有抗菌活性, 其对二者的体外抑菌率分别为99.9%和98.6%. 此外, SP-PPh₃ NPs具有良好的生物相容性, 对小鼠的主要器官几乎无副作用. 对细菌感染的小鼠皮肤伤口用SP-PPh₃ NPs治疗12 d后, 伤口可以很好地愈合.     

Diastereoselective photochromism of bisbenzothienylethenes with an oxycarbonyl-related functional group on the side chain

Nine 1-[2-(1-substituted)ethyl-3-benzothienyl]-2-(2-methyl-3-benzothienyl)hexafluorocyclopentenes (4-substituted benzoyloxy, N-arylcarbamoyloxy, and aryloxycarbonyloxy) were synthesized. They showed diastereoselective photochromic ring closure upon UV irradiation. Among them, 4-nitrophenoxycarbonyloxy-substituted compound recorded a remarkable 94% diastereomer excess with 91% conversion to the closed form.