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1.
Gas Flow in Porous Media With Klinkenberg Effects 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Gas flow in porous media differs from liquid flow because of the large gas compressibility and pressure-dependent effective permeability. The latter effect, named after Klinkenberg, may have significant impact on gas flow behavior, especially in low permeability media, but it has been ignored in most of the previous studies because of the mathematical difficulty in handling the additional nonlinear term in the gas flow governing equation. This paper presents a set of new analytical solutions developed for analyzing steady-state and transient gas flow through porous media including Klinkenberg effects. The analytical solutions are obtained using a new form of gas flow governing equation that incorporates the Klinkenberg effect. Additional analytical solutions for one-, two- and three-dimensional gas flow in porous media could be readily derived by the following solution procedures in this paper. Furthermore, the validity of the conventional assumption used for linearizing the gas flow equation has been examined. A generally applicable procedure has been developed for accurate evaluation of the analytical solutions which use a linearized diffusivity for transient gas flow. As application examples, the new analytical solutions have been used to verify numerical solutions, and to design new laboratory and field testing techniques to determine the Klinkenberg parameters. The proposed laboratory analysis method is also used to analyze data from steady-state flow tests of three core plugs from The Geysers geothermal field. We show that this new approach and the traditional method of Klinkenberg yield similar results of Klinkenberg constants for the laboratory tests; however, the new method allows one to analyze data from both transient and steady-state tests in various flow geometries. 相似文献
2.
Yu-Shu Wu Bitao Lai Jennifer L. Miskimins Perapon Fakcharoenphol Yuan Di 《Transport in Porous Media》2011,88(2):205-223
Recent laboratory studies and analyses (Lai et al. Presented at the 2009 Rocky Mountain Petroleum Technology Conference, 14–16
April, Denver, CO, 2009) have shown that the Barree and Conway model is able to describe the entire range of relationships between flow rate and
potential gradient from low- to high-flow rates through porous media. A Buckley and Leverett type analytical solution is derived
for non-Darcy displacement of immiscible fluids in porous media, in which non-Darcy flow is described using the Barree and
Conway model. The comparison between Forchheimer and Barree and Conway non-Darcy models is discussed. We also present a general
mathematical and numerical model for incorporating the Barree and Conway model in a general reservoir simulator to simulate
multiphase non-Darcy flow in porous media. As an application example, we use the analytical solution to verify the numerical
solution for and to obtain some insight into one-dimensional non-Darcy displacement of two immiscible fluids with the Barree
and Conway model. The results show how non-Darcy displacement is controlled not only by relative permeability, but also by
non-Darcy coefficients, characteristic length, and injection rates. Overall, this study provides an analysis approach for
modeling multiphase non-Darcy flow in reservoirs according to the Barree and Conway model. 相似文献
3.
中国海大陆架沉积物超细标准物质系列研制 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
5个中国海大陆架沉积物标准物质的原样分别取自东海和南海,样品风干后,先经球磨制备成200目的均匀粉体,再用气流磨进一步加工成超细粒度的均匀样品.采用激光粒度仪检测了样品的粒度分布,5个样品的平均粒度均小于4 μm(约800目).采用高精度的XRF检验了样品的均匀性并以高灵敏度的ICP-AES、ICP-MS相配合确定了其最小取样量(5 mg).有12个实验室参加了合作定值研究,定值组分均为60个,其中MSCS-1,2分别有50和51个组分定为标准值,MSCS-3,4,5有52个组分定为标准值.全组分百分总和分别为99.9%, 99.9%, 100.4%, 100.1%和99.7%. 相似文献
4.
5.
利用六面顶高压设备制备了高密度、低脆性、纳米级的ZnO块体材料,用MDI/JADE5 X射线衍射仪(Cu靶)和XL30S-FEG场发射扫描电子显微镜对高压样品的相组成、晶粒尺寸及微观形貌进行了表征.利用E55+FRA106/5傅里叶变换激光拉曼光谱仪通过ZnO块体样品位于50—500cm-1之内的拉曼光谱, 研究了极性半导体纳米材料的拉曼光谱学特征.发现在极性半导体ZnO纳米块体材料中,没有出现明显的尺寸限制效应.
关键词:
ZnO纳米块体
拉曼光谱
尺寸限制效应 相似文献
6.
T′相R2CuO4稀土铜氧化合物由于尺度效应而产生弱铁磁性行为已经被人们关注,报导了通过高温高氧压(6GPa,1000℃)合成稀土T′相R2CuO4(R=Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er和Tm)化合物的结构和磁学性能。磁化率曲线显示,在低温下所有的高压增氧R2CuO4样品都出现新的低温弱铁磁性反常行为,转变温度在28K附近。新的低温弱铁磁性行为是由于CuO2面上微量氧空穴的掺入,使处于反铁磁有序CuO2面形成局域化的铁磁性团簇造成。实验证明新发现的低温弱铁磁性行为与尺度效应产生弱铁磁性行为属于完全不同的物理机制。结果还预示T′相R2CuO4稀土铜氧化合物很难通过空穴掺杂而实现超导。 相似文献
7.
介绍了有限区域水平风场分解的调和-余弦计算方法,该方法把函数分成两部分之和.第一部分是Laplace方程在给定边界条件下的解,由于Laplace方程的解是调和函数,这个部分可称为调和部分,又因为其与区域内部值无关,也称外部部分.第二部分是原始函数与调和部分之差,这个函数是齐次边条件下Poisson方程的解,只与区域内部的涡度或散度有关,故称为内部部分,可以展开成双傅氏的余旋函数系列.调和-余弦计算方法的求导都是用谱系数进行,计算精度比常用的差分方法高两阶以上.而且,由于外部部分对应的边界条件物理意义清楚,边界光滑,成功克服了有限区域流函数和速度势迭代求解出现的计算不稳定、原始风场无法还原、边界上的系统缺失等问题,可以准确分解和重建有限区域的风场.利用NCEP/NCAR 1°×1°的实时分析资料和日本气象厅区域谱模式(RSM)20km分辨率的再分析资料,利用调和-余弦算法得到的无辐散风分量和无旋风分量,对2006年的8号超强台风“桑美"(SAOMEI)进行风场结构的比较分析.结果发现,低层无辐散风比原始风场与台风中心的对应关系更好;同时,无旋风分量能更好地显示原始风场上并不明显的低层辐合高层辐散的特征,大尺度无辐散风分量可以更清晰地显示出台风的水汽输送通道.从与台风中心的对应关系看,台风在海上发展阶段,SAOMEI台风的旋转中心与辐合中心并不是时时重合,这个特点只能通过风场分解才能得到.此外,SAOMEI登陆以后,南部洋面上发展起来的对流活动从水汽和能量补充方面都不利于SAOMEI的维持.可见,分解后的无辐散风场和无旋风场能更清楚地体现出SAOMEI的风场结构,在台风结构分析中有重要的推广应用价值.
关键词:
台风
水平风场分解
调和-余弦算法 相似文献
8.
Sabyasachi Kar Yu-Shu Wang Zishi Jiang Yang Wang Yew Kam Ho 《Chinese Journal of Physics (Taipei)》2018,56(6):3085-3098
In this article, we review or report recent works on atomic wavelengths in screening environments. We mainly review recent works on the transition, tune-out and magic wavelengths with Coulomb and screened Coulomb potentials. We also present our investigation on tune-out and magic wavelengths for two-electron Yukawa atoms. The various transition wavelengths for two-electron systems with and without screening environments are also presented. 相似文献
9.
Ge YS Tai SX Xu ZQ Lai L Tian FF Li DW Jiang FL Liu Y Gao ZN 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2012,28(14):5913-5920
Three novel anionic sulfonate gemini surfactants, sodium 4,4'-(10,19-dioxo-9,11,18,20-tetraazaoctacosane-9,20-diyl) dibenzenesulfonate (Surfactant I), sodium 4,4'-(12,21-dioxo-11,13,20,22-tetraazadotriacontane-11,22-diyl) dibenzenesulfonate (Surfactant II), and sodium 4,4'-(14,23-dioxo-13,15,22,24-tetraazahezatriacontane-13,24-diyl) dibenzenesulfonate (Surfactant III), with different lengths of hydrophobic tail have been synthesized, and their assembly behavior in the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been studied using spectral methods and molecular modeling methods at physiological pH and 298 K. Critical micelle concentrations (CMCs) of the three surfactants have been determined by surface tension measurements. Despite the obvious decrease of CMC with the increase of tail length, fluorescence spectra have shown much closer CAC in the presence of BSA. Surfactant II shows the highest CAC of 3.19 × 10(-5) mol L(-1) compared with the other two. The polarity of the microenvironment in BSA-surfactant systems has been investigated using pyrene as the probe. In addition, far-UV CD spectra studied the change of the secondary structure content of BSA caused by the three surfactants. The features of the assembly behavior were discussed by three concentration regions. Surfactant II could unfold the protein much more efficiently than the other two surfactants at low concentration, but at high concentration, the change of the secondary structure and the formation of hydrophobic microenvironment show a direct relationship to the length of the hydrophobic tail with the increase of the surfactant concentration. 相似文献
10.
The Fermi-Yang Liming method is followed and developed to estimate new magic numbers in nuclei with a Woods-Saxon density function.The calculated results predict that the magic number next to 126 should be around 184 and 258. 相似文献