Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Using A Molecular Antimony Complex under Aqueous Conditions: An Experimental and Computational Study on Main-Group Element Catalysis

Electrocatalytic hydrogen gas production is considered a potential pathway towards carbon-neutral energy sources. However, the development of this technology is hindered by the lack of efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally benign catalysts. In this study, a main-group-element-based electrocatalyst, SbSalen , is reported to catalyze the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in an aqueous medium. The heterogenized molecular system achieved a Faradaic efficiency of 100 % at −1.4 V vs. NHE with a maximum current density of −30.7 mA/cm². X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the catalyst-bound working electrode before and after electrolysis confirmed the molecular stability during catalysis. The turnover frequency was calculated as 43.4 s⁻¹ using redox-peak integration. The kinetic and mechanistic aspects of the electrocatalytic reaction were further examined by computational methods. This study provides mechanistic insights into main-group-element electrocatalysts for heterogeneous small-molecule conversion.     

Preparation and thermal reliability of <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-butyl stearate/methyl palmitate composite phase change material

In this study, a series of binary mixtures of N-butyl stearate (nBS) and methyl palmitate (MP) were used to produce a novel composite phase change material (CPCM) for potential application in the eastern China, and their thermal properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results of DSC indicated that the mixture consisting of 10 mass% nBS and 90 mass% MP is optimum as the CPCM in terms of the phase change temperature ranges (T _f = 19.74–5.59 °C; T _m = 18.34–33.80 °C) and latent heats (ΔH _f = 176.8 J g^?1; ΔH _m = 189.3 J g^?1). On the other hand, the thermal reliability and chemical stability of the CPCM after 120, 180, 240, 300, 360 and 500 accelerated thermal cycling tests were studied by DSC and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The results demonstrated that the CPCM had good thermal reliability and chemical stability.     

A DNA Origami-based Bactericide for Efficient Healing of Infected Wounds

Bacteria infection is a significant obstacle in the clinical treatment of exposed wounds facing widespread pathogens. Herein, we report a DNA origami-based bactericide for efficient anti-infection therapy of infected wounds in vivo. In our design, abundant DNAzymes (G4/hemin) can be precisely organized on the DNA origami for controllable generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to break bacterial membranes. After the destruction of the membrane, broad-spectrum antibiotic levofloxacin (LEV, loaded in the DNA origami through interaction with DNA duplex) can be easily delivered into the bacteria for successful sterilization. With the incorporation of DNA aptamer targeting bacterial peptidoglycan, the DNA origami-based bactericide can achieve targeted and combined antibacterial therapy for efficiently promoting the healing of infected wounds. This tailored DNA origami-based nanoplatform provides a new strategy for the treatment of infectious diseases in vivo.     

Amorphous Carbon Film with Self-modified Carbon Nanoparticles Synthesized by Low Temperature Carbonization of Phenolic Resin for Simultaneous Sensing of Dopamine and Uric Acid

A self-modified film electrode consisting of homogeneous snowflake-shaped nanoparticles on the amorphous carbon substrate (HNAC) was prepared by low temperature carbonization of phenolic resin. Such a unique structure was beneficial to enhance the electroanalysis signal responds. Simultaneous detection of DA and UA was performed on the HNAC using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) at pH 8 phosphate buffer. The well-defined oxidation peak potential separation reached 260 mV between DA and UA. Meanwhile, the detection limit of HNAC were 0.401 μM (DA) and 2.800 μM (UA).     

Comparing Cyclophellitol N‐Alkyl and N‐Acyl Cyclophellitol Aziridines as Activity‐Based Glycosidase Probes

The synthesis and evaluation as activity‐based probes (ABPs) of three configurationally distinct, fluorescent N‐alkyl cyclophellitol aziridine isosteres for profiling GH1 β‐glucosidase (GBA), GH27 α‐galactosidase (GLA) and GH29 α‐fucosidase (FUCA) is described. In comparison with the corresponding acyl aziridine ABPs reported previously, the alkyl aziridine ABPs are synthesized easily and are more stable in mild acidic and basic media, and are thus easier to handle. The β‐glucose‐configured alkyl aziridine ABP proves equally effective in labeling GBA as its N‐acyl counterpart, whereas the N‐acyl aziridines targeting GLA and FUCA outperform their N‐alkyl counterparts. Alkyl aziridines can therefore be an attractive alternative in retaining glycosidase ABP design, but in targeting a new retaining glycosidase both N‐alkyl and N‐acyl aziridines are best considered at the onset of a new study.     

Aggregation‐Induced Emission of Hexaphenyl‐1,3‐butadiene

A new type of AIE molecules based on hexaphenyl‐1,3‐butadienes was reported with respect to the synthesis and characterization. This material exhibited different maximum emission wavelength and enhanced emission intensity at different aggregate state (amorphous and crystalline state).     

中国活动构造与环境灾害研究中的若干重大问题

活动构造与环境灾害是密切相关的。活动构造可以直接引起地质灾害,构造活动引发的地震又可以派生出一系列地质灾害,人类不恰当的工程活动还可以恶化地质构造环境而加剧地质灾害。在活动构造与环境灾害相关性研究方面,我国急待启动四大科学问题的研究工作:基于现代大陆动力学的中国大陆区域地壳稳定性分区评价研究;青藏高原隆升与地质灾害;活动断裂的工程危害及其防治;地质灾害的内外动力耦合成因机理。     

汾渭盆地地裂缝成因研究中的若干关键问题

汾渭盆地是我国地裂缝发育最强烈的地区,地裂缝类型多样,成因复杂。本文概述了汾渭盆地地裂缝的分布规律,分析了目前汾渭盆地地裂缝成因研究中存在的主要问题,重点围绕构造型地裂缝的成因问题,提出如下研究思路:通过多学科联合手段,重点研究汾渭盆地地裂缝灾害的分布规律及其与活动构造的分布关系与成生联系,建立构造地裂缝的地质结构模型;将现代物理数值模拟技术与高精度观测技术相结合,分析研究构造活动启动地裂缝灾害的力学机理以及构造作用与抽水作用耦合致裂机理;以GPS观测资料为约束,将汾渭盆地地裂缝的成生与青藏、华北大陆变形的动力学过程联系起来,研究该区地裂缝与现今中国大陆动力学的内在联系,揭示大陆驱动力产生地质灾害的动力学机制与模式。     

基于概率密度演化方法的随机结构可靠度分析

随机结构反应的概率密度演化方法能够给出随机荷载作用下随机结构反应的概率密度函数。在此基础上，根据给定的正常使用位移限值要求，直接进行积分给出了随机结构的正常使用可靠度及其失效概率。在实例分析中，与一类情况下的精确解答及基于反应正态分布假定的二阶矩方法分析结果进行了比较。研究表明：基于密度演化方法的随机结构可靠度分析具有很高的精度，而二阶矩方法的可靠度分析结果则往往具有一定的偏差，在失效概率较低时可能给出虚假的失效概率。     

陕南公路软弱变质岩边坡变形破坏特征的研究

陕西省是软弱变质岩分布广泛的省份之一。近年来,随着工程建设数量的增多和规模的加大,软弱变质岩斜坡灾害频繁发生,造成的损失也逐年增加。本文通过对陕南316国道早阳-蜀河段的实地调查,归纳了该路段软弱变质岩边坡的变形破坏特征,总结出顺层滑动、弯曲-倾倒、楔形体滑动、溃曲破坏以及滑移-拉裂5种典型的病害模式,并对每种变形破坏模式进行了具体的实例分析,从而为边坡成灾预警和选择经济有效的治理对策奠定基础。