全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2659篇 |
免费 | 79篇 |
国内免费 | 9篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1675篇 |
晶体学 | 24篇 |
力学 | 91篇 |
数学 | 185篇 |
物理学 | 772篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 22篇 |
2022年 | 31篇 |
2021年 | 47篇 |
2020年 | 43篇 |
2019年 | 89篇 |
2018年 | 51篇 |
2017年 | 65篇 |
2016年 | 86篇 |
2015年 | 48篇 |
2014年 | 82篇 |
2013年 | 217篇 |
2012年 | 130篇 |
2011年 | 212篇 |
2010年 | 122篇 |
2009年 | 87篇 |
2008年 | 114篇 |
2007年 | 113篇 |
2006年 | 95篇 |
2005年 | 82篇 |
2004年 | 74篇 |
2003年 | 62篇 |
2002年 | 61篇 |
2001年 | 37篇 |
2000年 | 28篇 |
1999年 | 15篇 |
1996年 | 16篇 |
1995年 | 15篇 |
1994年 | 27篇 |
1993年 | 23篇 |
1992年 | 22篇 |
1988年 | 23篇 |
1987年 | 25篇 |
1986年 | 25篇 |
1985年 | 28篇 |
1984年 | 22篇 |
1983年 | 18篇 |
1982年 | 18篇 |
1981年 | 21篇 |
1980年 | 34篇 |
1979年 | 23篇 |
1978年 | 29篇 |
1977年 | 33篇 |
1976年 | 20篇 |
1975年 | 18篇 |
1974年 | 20篇 |
1973年 | 19篇 |
1966年 | 25篇 |
1965年 | 19篇 |
1963年 | 16篇 |
1962年 | 44篇 |
排序方式: 共有2747条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Energy transfer has been employed in third‐generation solar cells for the conversion of light into electrical energy. Long‐range nonradiative energy transfer from semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) to fluorophores has been demonstrated by using CdS QDs and thiophene?BODIPY (boron dipyrromethene, abbreviated as TG2). TG2 shows a broad photoluminescence (PL) spectrum, which varies with concentration. At very low concentrations, monomeric units are present; then, upon increasing the concentration, these monomers form a mixed (J‐/H‐)aggregated state. Energy transfer between the CdS QDs and TG2 was confirmed by separately investigating the interactions between CdS and the monomer of TG2 and between CdS and the aggregated states of TG2. Size‐dependent PL quenching confirmed that nonradiative Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from photoexcited CdS QDs to the J‐aggregate state of TG2 was the major energy‐relaxation channel, which occurred on the timescale of hundreds of fs. These results have broad applications in the field of light harvesting based on the assembly of molecular aggregates. 相似文献
2.
Laxmi Narayan Tripathi Sourabh Barua 《Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials》2019,65(4):100465
This review article covers the growth and characterization of two-dimensional (2D) crystals of transition metal chalcogenides, h-BN, graphene, etc. The chemical vapor transport method for bulk single crystal growth is discussed in detail. Top-down methods like mechanical and liquid exfoliation and bottom-up methods like chemical vapor deposition and molecular beam epitaxy for mono/few-layer growth are described. The optimal characterization techniques such as optical, atomic force, scanning electron, and Raman spectroscopy for identification of mono/few-layer(s) of the 2D crystals are discussed. In addition, a survey was done for the application of 2D crystals for both creation and deterministic transfer of single-photon sources and photovoltaic systems. Finally, the application of plasmonic nanoantenna was proposed for enhanced solar-to-electrical energy conversion and faster/brighter quantum communication devices. 相似文献
3.
Krishna B. N. Vamsi Bhagwan Jai Hussain Sk. Khaja Yu Jae Su 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2020,24(4):1033-1044
Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Hierarchical nanostructure materials have attracted significant attention due to their fascinating structural features for the application of... 相似文献
4.
Nonlinear Dynamics - This work presents some experimental results for resonant nonlinear response of hyperelastic plates for 1:2 internal resonance. Previously developed topology optimization... 相似文献
5.
6.
Savita Verma Deepak M. Maher Samadhan S. Nagane Bhausaheb V. Tawade Prakash P. Wadgaonkar 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2019,57(5):588-597
New aromatic (co)polyesters containing pendant propargyloxy groups were synthesized by phase transfer‐catalyzed interfacial polycondensation of 5‐(propargyloxy)isophthaloyl chloride (P‐IPC) and various compositions of P‐IPC and isophthaloyl chloride with bisphenol A. FTIR and NMR spectroscopic data, respectively, revealed successful incorporation of pendant propargyloxy groups into (co)polyesters and formation of (co)polyesters with desired compositions. (Co)polyesters exhibited good solubility in common organic solvents such as chloroform, dichloromethane, and tetrahydrofuran and could be cast into transparent, flexible, and tough films from chloroform solution. Inherent viscosities and number average molecular weights of (co)polyesters were in the range 0.77–1.33 dL/g and 43,600–118,000 g/mol, respectively, indicating the achievement of reasonably high‐molecular weights. The 10% weight loss temperatures of (co)polyesters were in the range 390–420 °C, demonstrating their good thermal stability. (Co)polyesters exhibited Tg in the range 146–170 °C and Tg values decreased with increase in mol % incorporation of P‐IPC. The study of non‐isothermal curing by DSC indicated thermal crosslinking of (co)polyesters via propargyloxy groups. The utility of pendant propargyloxy group was demonstrated by post‐modification of the selected copolyester with 1‐(4‐azidobutyl)pyrene, 9‐(azidomethyl)anthracene, and azido‐terminated poly(ethyleneglycol) monomethyl ether via copper(I)‐catalyzed Huisgen 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction. FTIR and 1H NMR spectra confirmed that click reaction was quantitative. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019 , 57, 588–597 相似文献
7.
Monica D. Prakash Sarah Fraser Jennifer C. Boer Magdalena Plebanski Barbora de Courten Vasso Apostolopoulos 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(6)
Background: Carnosine is a dipeptide molecule (β-alanyl-l-histidine) with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-glycation, and chelating properties. It is used in exercise physiology as a food supplement to increase performance; however, in vitro evidence suggests that carnosine may exhibit anti-cancer properties. Methods: In this study, we investigated the effect of carnosine on breast, ovarian, colon, and leukemic cancer cell proliferation. We further examined U937 promonocytic, human myeloid leukemia cell phenotype, gene expression, and cytokine secretion to determine if these are linked to carnosine’s anti-proliferative properties. Results: Carnosine (1) inhibits breast, ovarian, colon, and leukemic cancer cell proliferation; (2) upregulates expression of pro-inflammatory molecules; (3) modulates cytokine secretion; and (4) alters U937 differentiation and phenotype. Conclusion: These effects may have implications for a role for carnosine in anti-cancer therapy. 相似文献
8.
Shashank Shukla Joseph Favata Vikas Srivastava Sina Shahbazmohamadi Anubhav Tripathi Anita Shukla 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2020,58(10):1365-1379
Developing optimized hydrogel products requires an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms that drive hydrogel tunability. Here, we performed a full 4 × 4 factorial design study investigating the impact of gellan, a naturally derived polysaccharide (1%, 2%, 3%, or 4% w/v) and CaCl2 concentration (1, 3, 7, or 10 mM) on the viscoelastic, swelling, and drug release behavior of gellan hydrogels containing a model drug, vancomycin. These concentrations were chosen to specifically provide insight into gellan hydrogel behavior for formulations utilizing polymer and salt concentrations expanding beyond those commonly reported by previous studies exploring gellan. With increasing gellan and CaCl2 concentration, the hydrogel storage moduli (0.1–100 kPa) followed a power-law relationship and on average these hydrogels had higher liquid absorption capability and greater total drug release over 6 days. We suggest that the effects of gellan and CaCl2 concentration and their interactions on hydrogel properties can be explained by various phenomena that lead to increased swelling and increased resistance to network expansion. 相似文献
9.
Khalid Naim Manjeet Singh Sachin Sharma Dr. Rajesh V. Nair Prof. Paloth Venugopalan Dr. Subash Chandra Sahoo Dr. Prakash P. Neelakandan 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,26(52):11979-11984
The design of molecular compounds that exhibit flexibility is an emerging area of research. Although a fair amount of success has been achieved in the design of plastic or elastic crystals, realizing multidimensional plastic and elastic bending remains challenging. We report herein a naphthalidenimine–boron complex that showed size-dependent dual mechanical bending behavior whereas its parent Schiff base was brittle. Detailed crystallographic and spectroscopic analysis revealed the importance of boron in imparting the interesting mechanical properties. Furthermore, the luminescence of the molecule was turned-on subsequent to boron complexation, thereby allowing it to be explored for multimode optical waveguide applications. Our in-depth study of the size-dependent plastic and elastic bending of the crystals thus provides important insights in molecular engineering and could act as a platform for the development of future smart flexible materials for optoelectronic applications. 相似文献
10.
Dr. Benson Joseph Suman Gomosta Dr. Rini Prakash Dr. Thierry Roisnel Prof. Ashwini K. Phukan Prof. Sundargopal Ghosh 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,26(70):16824-16832
Treatment of Li[BH3ER] (E=Se or Te, R=Ph; E=S, R=CH2Ph) with [Cp*CoCl]2 led to the formation of hydridoborate complexes, [{CoCp*Ph}{Cp*Co}{μ-EPh}{μ-κ2-E,H-EBH3}], 1a and 1 b ( 1 a : E=Se; 1 b : E=Te) and a bis-hydridoborate species [Cp*Co{μ-κ2-Se,H-SeBH3}]2, 2 . All the complexes, 1 a , 1 b and 2 are stabilized by β-agostic type interaction in which 1 b represents a novel bimetallic borate complex with a rare B−Te bond. QTAIM analysis furnished direct proof for the existence of a shared and dative B-chalcogen and Co-chalcogen interactions, respectively. In parallel to the formation of the hydridoborate complexes, the reactions also yielded tetracyclic species, [Cp*Co{κ3-E,H,H-E(BH2)2-C5Me5H3}], 3 a and 3 b ( 3 a : E=Se and 3 b : E=S), wherein the bridgehead boron atoms are surrounded by one chalcogen, one cobalt and two carbon atoms of a cyclopentane ring. Molecules 3 a and 3 b are best described as the structural mimic of tetracyclo[4.3.0.02,4.03,5]nonane having identical structure and similar valence electron counts. 相似文献