Magnetic properties of mixed Ising system with random field

A spin-1/2 and spin-3/2 mixed Ising system in a random field is studied by the use of effective-field theory with correlations. The phase diagrams and thermal behaviours of magnetizations are investigated numerically for the honeycomb lattice (z=3) and square lattice (z=4) respectively. The tricritical behaviours for both honeycomb and square lattices, as well as the reentrant behaviour for the square lattice are found.     

聚酰亚胺/绢云母复合材料的制备及表征

首先采用加热和酸浸、硝酸锂处理、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(HDTMAB)阳离子交换等多步反应制备了有机绢云母,随后通过原位聚合插层法合成了不同种类的聚酰亚胺(PI)/绢云母复合材料.研究了反应温度及有机阳离子HDTMAB加入量对绢云母改性效果的影响,采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对改性前后的绢云母进行了系统的分析.结果表明,改性反应温度为180℃,有机阳离子加入量为15倍的阳离子交换容量(CEC)时插层效果最理想,在此条件下,绢云母d002晶面间距从0.99 nm扩大到2.77 nm.通过XRD和高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)对复合材料的微观结构进行了研究,采用热重分析(TGA)和力学性能测试研究了复合材料的热性能,拉伸强度、杨氏模量和断裂伸长率.结果表明,用原样绢云母制备的PI/原样绢云母复合材料是一种简单物理混合物,而PI/有机绢云母复合材料是一种剥离型纳米复合材料,同时,有机绢云母含量为1%~7%的纳米复合材料在2θ=0.5°~10°的衍射角范围内,均没有出现明显的衍射峰,表明有机绢云母的d002晶面间距被扩大到4.42 nm以上.绢云母与PI质量比为5∶100时,PI/有机绢云母纳米复合材料的拉伸强度、杨氏模量、断裂伸长率是PI/原样绢云母复合材料相应值的1.79,1.40和1.83倍.纳米复合材料的T5(质量损失5%时的温度)随着有机绢云母含量的增加而显著提高,当有机绢云母含量为7%时,纳米复合材料的T5相比纯PI可提高36℃.     

ZnO：Sb薄膜的光致发光及拉曼特性研究

利用射频磁控溅射法（MS．RF）在玻璃基片上制备了不同掺杂浓度的ZnO：Sb薄膜．借助X射线衍射仪（XRD）、透射光谱、光致发光谱（PL）和拉曼散射光谱（Raman）等手段研究了Sb掺杂浓度对ZnO薄膜的微结构、光致发光和拉曼特性的影响．结果表明：所有样品均呈现ZnO六角纤锌矿结构且具有高度C轴择优取向;在Sb掺杂ZnO薄膜的拉曼光谱中观察到位于532cm^-1的振动模式,结合XRD分析认为此峰归因于Sb替代Zn位且与0成键的局域振动模式（LVMSb--O）;光致发光谱测试发现,仅在ZnO：Sb薄膜中观察到位于3．11eV附近的紫光发射峰,结合拉曼光谱分析认为此峰与XbZn-O复合体缺陷相关．     

Majorana modes in solid state systems and its dynamics

We review the properties of Majorana fermions in particle physics and point out that Majorana modes in solid state systems are significantly different. The key reason is the concept of anti-particle in solid state systems is different from its counterpart in particle physics. We define Majorana modes as the eigenstates of Majorana operators and find that they can exist both at edges and in the bulk. According to our definition, only one single Majorana mode can exist in a system no matter at edges or in the bulk. Kitaev’s spinless p-wave superconductor is used to illustrate our results and the dynamical behavior of the Majorana modes.     

Phase Diagrams and Tricritical Behaviour of the Spin-2 Ising Model in a Longitudinal Random Field

Within the framework of the effective-field theory with correlations,we study the ferromagnetic spin-2 randomfield Ising model (RFIM) in the presence of a crystal field on honeycomb (z=3),square(z=4) and simple cubic(z=6) lattices.The effects of the crystal field and the longitudinal random field on the phase diagrams are investigated.Some characteristic features of the phase diagrams,such as the tricritical phenomena,reentrant phenomena and existence of two tricritical points,are found.     

Properties of the ground state in a spin-2 transverse Ising model with the presence of a crystal field

The properties of the ground state in the spin-2 transverse Ising model with the presence of a crystal field are studied by using the effective-field theory with correlations. The longitudinal and transverse magnetizations, the phase diagram and the internal energy in the ground state are given numerically for a honeycomb lattice (z=3).     

人工智能在结构拓扑优化领域的现状与未来趋势

结构优化,特别是结构拓扑优化,受到学术界和工业界的广泛关注.通过发展不同的拓扑优化算法,实现了众多具有卓越力学、热学和声学等多学科性能的最优拓扑构型创新设计.然而传统的拓扑优化方法在处理大规模的拓扑优化问题的迭代过程中往往需要多次大规模有限元分析,面临巨大计算量的挑战.近年来,以机器学习为代表的人工智能方法的迅猛发展,成为拓扑优化最具有发展前景的新学科方向.通过将人工智能算法与拓扑优化框架结合,使得拓扑优化的效率大幅提高,同时也为实时拓扑优化的实现提供了可能.本文通过回顾近十年来基于机器学习拓扑优化方法研究的一些重要进展,对截止目前的研究现状进行了简要介绍.由于论文篇幅有限,本综述不涉及该领域的全部文献,其综述范围有限,且与作者本人的研究兴趣密切相关.