MEASUREMENT OF NON-UNIFORM RESIDUAL STRESSES BY COMBINED MOIRE INTERFEROMETRY AND HOLE-DRILLING METHOD： THEORY, EXPERIMENTAL METHOD AND APPLICATIONS

Hole-drilling method is one of the most convenient methods for engineering residual stress measurement. Combined with moiré interferometry to obtain the relaxed whole-field displacement data, hole-drilling technique can be used to solve non-uniform residual stress problems, both in-depth and in-plane. In this paper, the theory of moiré interferometry and incremental hole-drilling (MIIHD) for non-uniform residual stress measurement is introduced. Three dimensional finite element model is constructed by ABAQUS to obtain the coefficients for the residual stress calculation. An experimental system including real-time measurement, automatic data processing and residual stresses calculation is established. Two applications for non-uniform in-depth residual stress of surface nanocrystalline material and non-uniform in-plane residual stress of friction stir welding are presented. Experimental results show that MIIHD is effective for both non-uniform in-depth and in-plane residual stress measurements. The project supported by the FRAMATOME ANP     

云纹干涉与钻孔法测量搅动摩擦焊接头的残余应力

搅动摩擦焊是90年代出现的一种新型焊接技术,特别适用于熔化焊接性差的有色金属等材料.搅动摩擦焊接头的残余应力分别具有高应力梯度的特点,传统的应变片钻孔法不能满足测量要求.本文结合云纹干涉法与钻孔法的技术,得到了铝合金薄板搅拌摩擦焊接头残余应力沿深度和沿垂直焊缝方向的分布.     

云纹干涉与钻孔法测量残余应力的实验方法与系统

应变片钻孔法是工程中应用最广的残余应力测量方法之一，由于应变片只能得到其长度范围内的平均应变，测量误差比较大，本文提出用云纹干涉法测量的位移信息代替应变片测量的应变信息来确定残余应力，用有限元建立位移与残余应力之间的关系，基于以上理论，开发了一种可以进行现场残余应力测量的便携式云纹干涉钻孔系统，并用该仪器进行了铝合金激光焊接接头的残余应力测量，得到了焊缝中心残余应力值。     

带抗共振环的非稳腔对撞脉冲锁模Nd:YAP(Nd:YAL0_3)激光器

本文报道用Nd:YAP (Nd:YALO_3)激光介质在带抗共振环的平-凸非稳腔结构中,选用五甲川-1,2-二氯乙烷染料,实现对撞脉冲被动锁模,获得良好锁模脉冲波形的实验结果.在1Hz的重复频率下,锁模脉冲平均脉宽<10ps,输出脉冲系列平均能量80mJ,脉冲系列能量集中于中央的三个脉冲,锁模成功率100%.输出能量稳定性80±4mJ.     

复杂红外地面环境下的稳定目标跟踪方法

针对红外目标相关滤波跟踪过程中由于背景杂波干扰、目标遮挡和目标形变等情况导致的鲁棒性差甚至跟踪目标丢失的问题,提出一种融合跟踪-学习-检测方法和相关滤波理论的红外目标跟踪算法.该算法在传统相关滤波框架基础上,融合目标的方向梯度直方图特征和亮度直方图特征,改善了目标轻微形变导致的模型漂移问题.针对背景杂波和遮挡导致的多峰值响应问题,对目标背景区域的相关响应进行惩罚,建立目标和背景响应的多模态检测机制,实现目标由粗到精的定位,并采用自适应的学习率优化跟踪模型的漂移问题;针对目标被严重遮挡或脱离视野的问题,通过全局目标再检测,实现目标的重捕.实验结果表明,在复杂红外地面环境下,该算法有效地解决了相似目标干扰和目标被严重遮挡导致的目标丢失问题.基于OTB-2015视频基准序列和红外视频序列测试,对比多个主流的相关滤波跟踪算法,该算法在跟踪精度和成功率方面较长时相关滤波跟踪算法分别提升了5.6%和4.1%;在目标遮挡指标测试中,该算法在跟踪精度和成功率方面相较长时相关滤波跟踪算法分别提升了4.6%和6.1%.