Molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) represented an excellent photocatalytic performance with many applications, including degradation of organic contaminants and splitting of water. This paper presented a new route to synthesize MoO3 nanobelts with high aspect ratios and crystallinity by a hydrothermal technique. This work showed that the as-synthesized nanobelts exhibited strong photocatalytic activity to degrade an organic dye of Rhodamine B (RhB) in aqueous solution under the exposure of the light source in the near infrared wavelength range, significantly improving the photocatalytic activity of the nanobelts. The results also showed that for a small concentration of RhB at 7.5 mg/L a complete photodegradation (for a given MoO3 nanobelts quantity of 0.1 g) can be reached after exposing for 60 min. For all concentrations of the RhB solution, the photodegradation exhibited an exponential dependence on the exposure time followed by a sudden shutdown, but no complete photodegradation can be reached. Also, the residual quantity of RhB in solution after the photocatalytic reaction was determined by the initial RhB concentration. The photocatalytic degradation can be interpreted by the pseudo–first-order equation for the absorption of liquid/solid based on solid capacity; thus, photocatalytic degradation can be attributed to the interaction between the photoexcited electrons in the substrate and the antibonding orbital of the RhB in solution. The sudden shutdown was due to the inability of the photoexcited electrons in the substrate hopping to the antibonding orbital of RhB in the presence of the RhB intermediate products from the degraded RhB. In addition, this work showed that the photocatalytic reaction can be recovered after a thermal treatment of postreacted MoO3 nanobelts, enhancing the utilization efficiency of the catalysis. 相似文献
Efficient catalytic system with low energy consumption exhibits increasing importance due to the upcoming energy crisis.Given this situation,it should be an admirable strategy for reducing energy input by effectively utilizing incident solar energy as a heat source during catalytic reactions.Herein,aza-fused7 r-conjugated microporous polymer(aza-CMP)with broad light absorption and high photothermal conversion efficiency was synthesized and utilized as a support for bimetallic AuPd nanocatalysts in light-driven benzyl alcohol oxidation.The AuPd nanoparticles anchored on aza-CMP(aza-CM P/Au_xPdy)exhibited excellent catalytic performance for benzyl alcohol oxidation under 50 mW/cm^2 light irradiation.The improved catalytic performance by the aza-CMP/Au_xPdy is attributed to the unique photothermal effect induced by aza-CMP,which can promote the catalytic benzyl alcohol oxidation occurring at Au Pd.This work presents a novel approach to effectively utilize solar energy for conventional catalytic reactions through photothermal effect. 相似文献
Numerical Algorithms - In this paper, a new five-step discrete-time zeroing dynamics (DTZD) algorithm, discretized from a continuous-time zeroing dynamics (CTZD) model, is proposed and investigated... 相似文献
Numerical Algorithms - Future optimization, which is also known as discrete-time time-variant optimization problem, is an important issue in scientific fields. Recently, Guo et al. have proposed a... 相似文献
Finite difference schemes have been widely studied because of their fundamental role in numerical analysis. However, most finite difference formulas in the literature are not suitable for discrete time-varying problems because of intrinsic limitations and their relatively low precision. In this paper, a high-precision 1-step-ahead finite difference formula is developed. This 5-instant finite difference (5-IFD) formula is used to approximate and discretize first-order derivatives, and it helps us to compute discrete time-varying generalized matrix inverses. Furthermore, as special cases of generalized matrix inverses, time-varying matrix inversion, and scalar reciprocals are generally deemed as independent problems and studied separately, which are solved unitedly in this paper. The precision of the 5-IFD formula and the convergence behavior of the corresponding discrete-time models are derived theoretically and shown in numerical experiments. Conventional useful formulas, such as the Euler forward finite difference (EFFD) formula and the 4-instant finite difference (4-IFD) formula are also used for comparisons and to show the superiority of the 5-IFD formula.
We predict that the flow of unpolarized current in electron-doped GaAs and InP at room temperature is unstable at high electric fields to the dynamic formation of spin-polarized current pulses. Spin-polarized current is spontaneously generated because the conductivity of a spin-polarized electron gas differs from that of an unpolarized electron gas, even in the absence of spin-orbit interaction. Magnetic fields are not required for the generation of these spin-polarized current pulses, although they can help align the polarization of sequential pulses along the same axis. 相似文献
Numerical Algorithms - In this paper, the future unknown-transpose matrix inequality (FUTMI) as well as scalar inequality is formulated and investigated for the first time. This particular class of... 相似文献