One-step method for synthesis of bio-based semi-aromatic high-temperature polyamide PA5T/56 and its non-isothermal crystallization kinetics

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - The bio-based semi-aromatic high-temperature polyamide PA5T/56 was successfully synthesized by one-step method, which shortened the reaction time...     

钢构件设计中的弹塑性力学问题

分析我国现行《钢结构设计规范》GB50017-2003,对比美、欧规范,针对钢结构常用受力构件设计的强度问题和稳定问题涉及到的弹塑性理论应用,通过课堂教学环节,讲授钢结构构件设计原理和弹塑性设计方法,让学生深刻体会弹性设计理论和弹塑性设计理论的差异,认识弹塑性理论在钢结构设计中应用的必要性. 同时也让学生学习正确运用力学知识解决工程问题的思维方法,激发学生学习力学理论的兴趣,培养学生综合应用知识解决工程问题的能力.     

Synthesis and swelling behavior of amphiphilic comb‐like branched polymer (AA‐co‐CMS)‐g‐PMMA

Copolymerization of acrylic acid and p‐chloromethylstyrene (p‐CMS) in dioxane initiated with α,α′‐azobisisobutyronitrile was carried out to produce macroinitiator P(AA‐co‐CMS) containing PhCH₂Cl group at 65°C. Then methyl methacrylate was grafted onto P(AA‐co‐CMS) backbone using PhCH₂Cl group as an initiation site and FeCl₂/triphenyl phosphine complex as a catalyst. The resulted copolymer (AA‐co‐CMS)‐g‐PMMA with a comb‐like branched structure has a hydrophilic backbone (PAA) and hydrophobic side chains (PMMA). Compositions and structures of macroinitiator and the grafted product of P(AA‐co‐CMS)‐g‐PMMA were determined by ¹H‐NMR, infrared (IR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The average graft number, the average length of branch chains, the graft ratio, and the graft efficiency were investigated. The swelling behavior of the comb‐like branched polymer was also investigated. The gradual increase of swelling ratios was accompanied by an increase of pH and temperature. The kinetic exponents indicated that the swelling transport mechanisms transformed from Fickian diffusion to non‐Fickian transport as the decreasing pH. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A new stochastic method of reconstructing porous media

We present a new stochastic method of reconstructing porous medium from limited morphological information obtained from two-dimensional micro- images of real porous medium. The method is similar to simulated annealing method in the capability of reconstructing both isotropic and anisotropic structures of multi-phase but differs from the latter in that voxels for exchange are not selected completely randomly as their neighborhood will also be checked and this new method is much simpler to implement and program. We applied it to reconstruct real sandstone utilizing morphological information contained in porosity, two-point probability function and linear-path function. Good agreement of those references verifies our developed method’s powerful capability. The existing isolated regions of both pore phase and matrix phase do quite minor harm to their good connectivity. The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is used to compute the permeability of the reconstructed system and the results show its good isotropy and conductivity. However, due to the disadvantage of this method that the connectivity of the reconstructed system’s pore space will decrease when porosity becomes small, we suggest the porosity of the system to be reconstructed be no less than 0.2 to ensure its connectivity and conductivity.     

Rheology Study of Chlorinated Polyethylene with Various Cl-Contents and Carbon Nanotube Composites

Composites of chlorinated polyethylene with various Cl-contents and carbon nanotubes (CNT) were produced and their rheological behaviors were characterized by capillary viscometry. For polyethylene (PE)/CNT composites with CNT loadings of 3 wt% and 5 wt%, the melt viscosity was higher than that of PE alone. However, the PE/CNT composite with CNT loading of 2 wt% gave a much lower melt viscosity than that of PE alone. The melt viscosity of chlorinated polyethylene (PECl)/CNT composites prepared also depended on the amount of added CNT and chlorine content. PECl/CNT composites with higher chlorine content displayed lower melt viscosities than that of PECl alone. A mechanism was proposed.     

Intrinsic Properties of Macroscopically Tuned Gallium Nitride Single-Crystalline Facets for Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

The anisotropy of crystalline materials results in different physical and chemical properties on different facets, which warrants an in-depth investigation. Macroscopically facet-tuned, high-purity gallium nitride (GaN) single crystals were synthesised and machined, and the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was used as the model reaction to show the differences among the facets. DFT calculations revealed that the Ga and N sites of GaN (100) had a considerably smaller ΔG_H* value than those of the metal Ga site of GaN (001) or N site of GaN (00−1), thereby indicating that GaN (100) should be more catalytically active for the HER on account of its nonpolar facet. Subsequent experiments testified that the electrocatalytic performance of GaN (100) was considerably more efficient than that of other facets for both acidic and alkaline HERs. Moreover, the GaN crystal with a preferentially (100) active facet had an excellently durable alkaline electrocatalytic HER for more than 10 days. This work provides fundamental insights into the exploration of the intrinsic properties of materials and designing advanced materials for physicochemical applications.     

钢结构格构柱设计理论的力学问题

借助钢结构格构柱设计理论的换算长细比、横向最大剪力以及分肢承载力三个重要力学问题的解决思路和求解技巧的演绎教学,培养学生发现工程中的力学问题、寻找解决力学问题的途径、服务工程设计的能力,引导学生深刻认识力学理论在解决工程问题中的重要作用,进而激发学生学习力学理论的兴趣,实现学生探究、解决工程问题的创新思维、创新能力的培养目标.     

实正规阵乘幂法的改进

本文对实正规阵乘幂法予以改进，给出了一个容易求复特征值的收敛格式     

一种两点迭代法

本文给出了一个求超越方程实根的新的两点格式ｘｋ＋１＝ｘｋ－ｘｋ－ｘｋ－１３ｆ（ｘｋ）－４ｆｘｋ＋ｘｋ－１２＋ｆ（ｘｋ－１）ｆ（ｘｋ），它集弦割法和抛物线法的优点于一身，具有更快的收敛速度，且收敛阶为二阶．