Novel Etodolac-Based 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents: Synthesis,Biological Evaluation,and Molecular Docking Study

Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry - A series of novel 1,2,4-triazole nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) derived from etodolac were designed and synthesized. The synthesized compounds...     

The kinetics and mechanisms of thermal degradation of some divalent metal salts of mono(hydroxyethyl) phthalate

The thermal decomposition of lead and manganese salts of mono(hydroxyethyl) phthalate was studied by thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. The kinetic parameters for the various stages of decomposition of these salts were calculated by different methods and mechanisms are proposed to explain the results.     

Photosensitization of vinyl polymerization by uranyl ions

Monomer acrylamide was used as quencher of uranyl ion fluorescence and Stern-Volmer plots were constructed at three monochromatic wavelengths of exciting radiation. The results indicated that the reaction between excited uranyl ion and monomer is one of energy transfer. The rate parameters k_p/k_p^½ and k_d′/k_i were calculated from the polymerization kinetics at high monomer concentrations. A general mechanism for the photopolymerization of vinyl monomers sensitized by uranyl ions is proposed and discussed.     

Polymerization of acrylamide initiated by peroxomonosulphate and metal ion catalysis

The kinetics of polymerization of acrylamide initiated by potassium peroxomonosulphate, in the presence and absence of Ag⁺, were studied. Rates of polymerization and oxone disappearance were followed. From the rate law for the polymerization, a mechanism has been proposed.     

Peroxo Salts as Initiators of Vinyl Polymerization. 6. Kinetics of Polymerization of Acrylonitrile Initiated by Potassium Peroxodisulfate in Aqueous Medium-Ag+ Catalysis

The kinetics of polymerization of acrylonitrile initiated by potassium peroxodisulfate in neutral and acid conditions was studied. R_p depended upon [S2O₈ ^2-]^1/2 and [monomer]^3/2 both in neutral and acid solutions. The influence of ionic strength and the cata-lytic effect of Ag⁺ on the System are discussed. Suitable mech-anisms are proposed.     

Uranyl ion-sensitized polymerization of acrylamide and methacrylamide in aqueous solution

The kinetics of polymerization of the vinyl monomers, acrylamide and methacrylamide, photosensitized by uranyl ions in homogeneous aqueous acid medium was studied systematically. Monochromatic radiation of wavelengths 365, 405, and 436 mμ was used for irradiation. Uranyl perchlorate in aqueous perchloric acid (pH = 0–2) was used as the sensitizer to ensure that only uncomplexed UO₂²⁺ ions existed in the solution. Polymerization was found to proceed without any induction period, the steady state being attained in about 10–20 min., and was followed by the measurement of the rate of monomer disappearance by bromine addition method. The chain lengths of the polymers were determined by viscometry. It was observed that there was no change in the initiator concentration, [UO₂²⁺], during polymerization. The dependence of the rate of polymerization on variables like light intensity, light absorption fraction by the active species, wavelength, monomer concentration, hydrogen ion concentration, temperature, nature of the acid used (HClO₄ and H₂SO₄), viscosity of the medium etc., were studied. A kinetic reaction scheme is proposed and discussed in the light of the experimental results. Certain rate parameters were calculated. The mechanism of photosensitization by uranyl ions with specific reference to primary photochemical act, initiation of polymerization etc., are discussed.     

Molecular weight distribution in polyacrylamide prepared by a photochemical method

The molecular weight distribution of polyacrylamide, prepared by uranyl ion-photosensitized polymerization of acrylamide in visible light of wavelength 436 mμ, was studied in detail. The polymer was fractionated and the experimental integral and differential distribution curves were drawn. The theoretical distribution function was derived from the kinetics of photopolymerization, assuming the rate constants calculated from previous studies. The theoretical and experimental molecular weight distributions were compared. The results support the mechanism proposed for the photopolymerization reaction.     

Peroxo salts as initiators of vinyl polymerization. IV. Polymerization of methacrylamide initiated by peroxodisulfate ion and metal ion catalysis

The polymerization kinetics of methacrylamide (M) initiated by S₂O ion in the presence and absence of the metal ions Ag⁺ and Cu²⁺ has been studied. The rate laws have been established and are compared with those of acrylamide. The results indicate that steric hindrance from the α-methyl group affects the initiation reaction. Cu²⁺ ions are found to reduce the rate of polymerization.