排序方式: 共有36条查询结果,搜索用时 890 毫秒
1.
Sharma A Thampi SP Suggala SV Bhattacharya PK 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2004,20(11):4708-4714
Dense polymeric membranes with extremely small pores in the form of free volume are used widely in the pervaporative separation of liquid mixtures. The membrane permeation of a component followed by its vaporization on the opposite face is governed by the solubility and downstream pressure. We measured the evaporative flux of pure methanol and 2-propanol using dense membranes with different free volumes and different affinities (wettabilities and solubilities) for the permeant. Interestingly, the evaporative flux for different membranes vanished substantially (10-75%) below the equilibrium vapor pressure in the bulk. The discrepancy was larger for a smaller pore size and for more wettable membranes (higher positive spreading coefficients). This observation, which cannot be explained by the existing (mostly solution-diffusion type) models ofpervaporation, suggests an important role for the membrane-permeant interactions in nanopores that can lower the equilibrium vapor pressure. The pore sizes, as estimated from the positron annihilation, ranged from 0.2 to 0.6 nm for the dry membranes. Solubilities of methanol in different composite membranes were estimated from the Flory-Huggins theory. The interaction parameter was obtained from the surface properties measured by the contact angle goniometry in conjunction with the acid-base theory of polar surface interactions. For the membranes examined, the increase in the "wet" pore volume due to membrane swelling correlates almost linearly with the solubility of methanol in these membranes. Indeed, the observations are found to be consistent with the lowering of the equilibrium vapor pressure on the basis of the Kelvin equation. Thus, a higher solubility or selectivity of a membrane also implies stronger permeant-membrane interactions and a greater retention of the permeant by the membrane, thus decreasing its evaporative flux. This observation has important implications for the interpretation of existing experiments and in the separation of liquid mixtures by pervaporation. 相似文献
2.
3.
Self-injection length in La0.7Ca0.3MnO3-YBa2Cu3O7-δ ferromagnet-superconductor multilayer thin films
We have carried out extensive studies on the self-injection problem in barrierless heterojunctions between La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 (LCMO) and YBa2Cu3O7-δ (YBCO) thin films. The heterojunctions were formed in situ by sequentially growing LCMO and YBCO films on 〈100〉 LaAlO3 (LAO) substrate using a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) system. YBCO micro-bridges with 64 μm width were patterned both on
the LAO (control) and LCMO side of the substrate. Critical current, I
c, was measured at 77 K on both the control side as well as the LCMO side for different YBCO film thickness. It was observed
that while the control side showed a J
c of ∼ 2 × 106 A/cm2, the LCMO side showed about half the value for the same thickness (1800 ?). The difference in J
c indicates that a certain thickness of YBCO has become ‘effectively’ normal due to self-injection. From the measurement of
J
c at two different thicknesses (1800 ? and 1500 ?) of YBCO films both on the LAO as well as the LCMO side, the value of self-injection
length (at 77 K) was estimated to be ∼ 900 ?. To the authors’ best knowledge, this is the first time that self-injection length
has been quantified. A control experiment carried out with LaNiO3 deposited by PLD on YBCO did not show any evidence of self-injection. 相似文献
4.
Study of magnetoresistance and conductance of bicrystal grain boundary in La0.67Ba0.33MnO3 thin film
La0.67Ba0.33MnO3 (LBMO) thin film is deposited on a 36.7°C SrTiO3 bicrystal substrate using laser ablation technique. A microbridge is created across bicrystal grain boundary and its characteristics
are compared with a microbridge on the LBMO film having no grain boundary. Presence of grain boundary exhibits substantial
magnetoresistance ratio (MRR) in the low field and low temperature region. Bicrystal grain boundary contribution in MRR disappears
at temperature T>175 K. At low temperature, I-V characteristic of the microbridge across bicrystal grain boundary is nonlinear. Analysis of temperature dependence of dynamic
conductance-voltage characteristics of the bicrystal grain boundary indicates that at low temperatures (T<175 K) carrier transport across the grain boundary in LBMO film is dominated by inelastic tunneling via pairs of manganese
atoms and tunneling through disordered oxides. At higher temperatures (T>175 K), magnetic scattering process is dominating. Decrease of bicrystal grain boundary contribution in magnetoresistance
with the increase in temperature is due to enhanced spin-flip scattering process. 相似文献
5.
Molar extinction coefficients of some carbohydrates viz. l-arabinose (C5H10O5), d-glucose (C6H12O6), d-mannose (C6H12O6), d-galactose (C6H12O6), d(-) fructose (C6H12O6) and maltose (C12H24O12) in aqueous solutions have been determined at 81, 356, 511, 662, 1173 and 1332 keV by gamma ray transmission method in a
narrow beam good geometry set-up. These coefficients have been found to depend upon the photon energy following a 4-parameter
polynomial. These extinction coefficients for different sugars having the same molecular formula have same values varying
within experimental uncertainty. Within concentration ranges studied, Beer-Lambert law is obeyed very well. 相似文献
6.
de Alwis SP 《Physical review D: Particles and fields》1992,46(12):5429-5438
7.
8.
9.
Rare earth cuprates as electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
V. Raghuveer K. Ravindranathan Thampi N. Xanthopoulos H. J. Mathieu B. Viswanathan 《Solid State Ionics》2001,140(3-4):263-274
A series of rare earth cuprates with overall composition Ln2−xMxCu1−yMy′O4−δ (where Ln=La and Nd; M=Sr, Ca and Ba; M′=Ru and Sb: 0.0≤x≤0.4 and y=0.1) have been tested as anode electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation. The evaluation of electrode kinetic parameters was made galvanostatically. The catalyst characterization was carried out by specific conductivity measurements, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Iodometry. These materials exhibit significant activity for methanol oxidation at higher potentials. The linear correlation between Cu(3+) content and methanol oxidation activity suggests that the active sites for adsorption of methanol is Cu(3+). The methanol oxidation onset potential depends on the ease of Cu(2+)→Cu(3+) oxidation reaction. These materials show better tolerance towards the poisoning by the intermediates of methanol oxidation compared to that of conventional noble metal electrocatalysts (supported and bulk). The lattice oxygen in these oxides could be considered as active oxygen to remove CO intermediates of methanol oxidation reaction. 相似文献
10.
Raghavendra NM Thampi P Gurubasavarajaswamy PM Sriram D 《Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin》2007,55(11):1615-1619
Several substituted-quinazolin-3(4H)-ones 8-11ad were synthesized by condensation of 2-chloro-N-(4-oxo-substituted-quinazolin-3(4H)-yl)-acetamides with various substituted imidazoles through one pot reaction. Elemental analysis, IR, (1)H-NMR and mass spectral data confirmed the structure of the newly synthesized compounds. Synthesized quinazolin-4-one derivatives were investigated for their antitubercular, antibacterial and antifungal activities. Some of the tested compounds showed good antitubercular activity. None of the synthesized compounds showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activity. 相似文献