Dielectric behavior of polyethyleneoxide (polyox)

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

ALFALFA SEEDLINGS GROWN OUTDOORS ARE MORE RESISTANT TO UV-INDUCED DNA DAMAGE THAN PLANTS GROWN IN A UV-FREE ENVIRONMENTAL CHAMBER

Abstract The relative UV sensitivities of alfalfa seedlings grown outdoors versus plants grown in a growth chamber under UV-filtered cool white fluorescent bulbs have been determined using three criteria: (1) level of endogenous DNA damage as sites for the UV endonuclease from Micrococcus luteus . (2) susceptibility to pyrimidine dimer induction by a UV challenge exposure and (3) ability to repair UV-induced damage. We find that outdoor-grown plants contain approximately equal frequencies of endogenous DNA damages, are less susceptible to dimer induction by a challenge exposure of broad-spectrum UV and photorepair dimers more rapidly than plants grown in an environmental chamber under cool white fluorescent lamps plus a filter that removes most UV radiation. These data suggest that plants grown in a natural environment would be less sensitive to UVB-induced damage than would be predicted on the basis of studies on plants grown under minimum UV.     

Oxidative cleavage reactions of catechol and phenol to monoester of cis,cis,-muconic acid with the oxidizing systems of O2/CuCl,KOH/CuCl2

Oxidative cleavage reactions of catechol with CuCI to give monoester of cis,cis-muconic acid in pyridine containing alcohol was investigated under various conditions. The same oxidation was carried out also with the systems of KO₂/CuCl₂ and KOH/CuCl₂ in pyridine containing alcohol in the absence of oxygen. Phenol was oxidized with the same oxidizing systems to give the same monoester of muconic acid.     

Alignment of atomic autoionizing states created by slow Na++He collisions

Ejected-electron spectra have been measured for collisions of He-atoms with Na⁺-ions, whose impact energy ranged from 1.7 to 7.0 keV. The ion impact-energy dependence of the angular-differential cross-section of the ejected electrons has been investigated for an aligned autoionizing state Na**(2p ⁵ 3s ^{2 2} P), which has been created by charge transfer from the He-atoms. The alignment of the autoionizing state Na**(2p ⁵ 3s ^{2 2} P) is discussed in relation to the scattering angles of the Na⁺-ions. A complete longitudinal alignment has been observed with respect to the quasimolecular axis.     

Ab initio study of small acetonitrile cluster anions

Ab initio electronic structure calculations have been performed for (CH(3)CN)(2) (-) and (CH(3)CN)(3) (-) cluster anions using a diffuse basis set. We found both the dipole-bound structures and internal structures, where in the former structure an excess electron is mainly distributed on the surface of the cluster while an excess electron is internally trapped in the latter configuration. The optimized structures found for cluster anions were compared to those for neutral clusters. Potential-energy surfaces were also plotted as a function of appropriate internal coordinates in order to understand the interconversions of the optimized structures of clusters. The relative stabilities of the optimized confirmers have been discussed on the basis of the characteristics of these potential surfaces, relative energies, and electron vertical detachment energies.     

A strategy for the solution-phase parallel synthesis of N-(pyrrolidinylmethyl)hydroxamic acids

Both five- and six-membered iminocyclitols have proven to be useful transition-state analogue inhibitors of glycosidases. They also mimic the transition-state sugar moiety of the nucleoside phosphate sugar in glycosyltransferase-catalyzed reactions. Described here is the development of a general strategy toward the parallel synthesis of a five-membered iminocyclitol linked to a hydroxamic acid group designed to mimic the transition state of GDP-fucose complexed with Mn(II) in fucosyltransferase reactions. The iminocyclitol 8 containing a protected hydroxylamine unit was prepared from D-mannitol. The hydroxamic acid moiety was introduced via the reaction of 8 with various acid chlorides. The strategy is generally applicable to the construction of libraries for identification of glycosyltransferase inhibitors.     

Photoinduced rotational isomerization mechanism of 2-chlorobenzaldehyde in low-temperature rare-gas matrices by vibrational and electronic spectroscopies

Rotational isomerization of 2-chlorobenzaldehyde in low-temperature rare-gas matrices has been investigated by vibrational and electronic spectroscopies with aids of the density functional theory (DFT) and configuration interaction single (CIS) calculations. Infrared spectrum of the less stable O-cis isomer, produced from the more stable O-trans isomer upon UV irradiation, is measured with an FT-IR spectrophotometer. The enthalpy difference between the O-cis and O-trans isomers is estimated to be 9.7±0.2 kJ mol⁻¹ from the temperature dependence of the infrared band intensities. Analyses of the infrared and electronic absorption spectral changes after UV irradiation and the phosphorescence spectra measured at various excitation wavelengths suggest that the rotational isomerization occurs via the intersystem crossing from S₁ to T₁.