Catalytic Asymmetric Construction of Quaternary α‐Amino Acid Containing Pyrrolidines through 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides to α‐Aminoacrylates

The first catalytic enantioselective 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides to α‐aminoacrylate catalyzed by a AgOAc/ferrocenyl oxazolinylphosphine (FOXAP) system was developed, which exhibits excellent exo‐ and enantioselectivity (92–99 % ee). This process provides efficient access to useful 4‐aminopyrrolidine‐2,4‐dicarboxylic acid (APDC)‐like compounds containing a unique quaternary α‐amino acid unit.     

3D imager using dual color-balanced lights

A novel method for grabbing 3D shape of an object is proposed. It uses a pair of color-coded light sources to create a 3D-coordinated illumination space. The intensities of two modulation colors are complementally balanced, which makes the sum of the intensities of the colors a constant. This method demonstrates the abilities of uniquely representing any point in the 3D-coordinated illumination space, reducing the measuring problems in blind area, and compensating the effect caused by changes of surface color and reflection. In addition, this method has the ability of acquiring the 3D shape information in parallel and the algorithm is fairly simple, so the 3D imaging speed is basically restricted by the frame rate of the color CCD camera.     

Stationary-fiber rotary probe with unobstructed 360° view for optical coherence tomography

A side-scanning fiber probe is a critical component for optical coherence tomography in medical imaging and diagnosis. We propose and fabricate an on-axis rotating probe that performs in situ, circumferential scanning that is shadow-free (not susceptible to shadow effects caused by the motor's wires). A miniature motor that incorporates a bored-out shaft for the optical fiber is located at the distal end of the probe, which results in a more stable and uniform circumferential scan, free from wire-shadow interference effects. More importantly, this design, novel to our knowledge, compared to other probes avoids the insertion losses introduced by optical coupling components and the multitude of optical interfaces, which is very important for sensing weak signals backscattered from structures deep in the tissue.     

Effect of BaO on the calcination and hydration characteristic of CA

Phosphoaluminate cement (PAC) clinker had good mechanical properties at early and long-term period. In comparison, the compressive strength of PAC clinker modified by BaO was more prominent. As primary mineral phase for PAC clinker, CA’s mineralogical structure and hydration characteristics were intimately related to the compressive strength of hardened cement paste. In this study, the effects of BaO content on the calcination, mineralogical structure and hydration characteristics of CA were investigated. Experimental results showed that the appropriate calcination temperature of CA was 1400 °C. No more than 11% (the substitution ratio of BaO for CaO) addition of BaO can promote the conversion of C₁₂A₇ to CA and increase the formation ratio of CA. Appropriate content of 7 mol% BaO could endow the hardened paste with excellent compressive strength. In CA mineral phase the high limit addition of BaO was 15 mol%. The addition of BaO decreased and even restrained the formation of C₂AH₈ and C₃AH₆ of CA hydration products and also improved the content of CAH₁₀. The addition of BaO dramatically decreased the hydration velocity and cumulative heat of CA mineral.

     

Effect of BaO on mineral structure and hydration behavior of phosphoaluminate cement

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Phosphoaluminate cement (PAC) clinker was one new type of special cement, which exhibits good mechanical properties and durability. In this paper, the...     

A Differential Game of Transboundary Industrial Pollution with Emission Permits Trading

Transboundary pollution is a particularly serious problem as it leads people located at regional borders to disproportionately suffer from pollution. In 2007, a cooperative differential game model of transboundary industrial pollution was presented by Yeung. It is the first time that time-consistent solutions are derived in a cooperative differential game on pollution control with industries and governments being separate entities. In this paper, we extend Yeung’s model to an even more general model, in which emission permits trading is taken into account. Our objective is to make use of optimal control theory to find the two regions’ noncooperative and cooperative optimal emission paths such that the regions’ discounted stream of net revenues is maximized. We illustrate the results with a numerical example.     

Simultaneous dual-wavelength-band common-path swept-source optical coherence tomography with single polygon mirror scanner

We report a novel (to the best of our knowledge) simultaneous 1310/1550 two-wavelength band swept laser source and dual-band common-path swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Synchronized dual-wavelength tuning is performed by using two laser cavities and narrowband wavelength filters with a single dual-window polygonal scanner. Measured average output powers of 60 and 27 mW have been achieved for the 1310 and 1550 nm bands, respectively, while the two wavelengths were swept simultaneously from 1227 to 1387 nm for the 1310 nm band and from 1519 to 1581 nm for the 1550 nm band at an A-scan rate of 65 kHz. Broadband wavelength-division multiplexing is used for coupling two wavelengths into a common-path single-mode GRIN-lensed fiber probe to form dual-band common-path SS-OCT. Simultaneous OCT imaging at 1310 and 1550 nm is achieved. This technique allows for in vivo high-speed OCT imaging with potential application in functional (spectroscopic) investigations.     

相铬红颜料的相组成和表征

本文用X射线衍射分析方法，研究铝铬红颜料的相组成和合成条件关系，发现按NazCrO, " 2HZ0 : NazMoOa : Pb(NO,)z=85 : 15 : 110mo1原料比，用共沉淀方法合成的颜料均由黄色铬酸铅和红色铝铬酸铅固溶体组成.二者比例受合成条件变化而有很大差别。指标化结果表明:红色相钥铬酸铅固溶体属单斜晶系，空间群C.'z/c.a:7. 250(8) } ,6:12. d4d ( 7 )人,c:5.119(5)人，夕=132. 58 (6 )0，化学式Pb (Cro. eeMoo. }z )U:每个单胞由四个分子组成所得粉末衍射的数据可以代替)CPDS19-685号卡片.可以用定量PbCrO，相含量的方法来表征颜料的质量。