This study investigated thermodynamic properties of uranium–titanium alloy to determine its suitability for storage of hydrogen isotopes. The enthalpy increments of U2Ti were measured using a high temperature inverse drop calorimeter in the temperature range of 299–1,169 K. Temperature dependence of the molar enthalpy increment and molar heat capacity is expressed in the form $ H^\circ_{\text{m}} (T) - H^\circ_{\text{m}} (298.15\,{\text{K}})({\text{J }}\,{\text{mol}}^{ - 1} ) = 23.236(T/{\text{K}}) + 53.292 \times 10^{ - 3} (T/{\text{K}})^{2} - 21.294 \times 10^{5} ({\text{K}}/T) - 4523 $ and $ C^\circ_{\text{p,m}} ({\text{J}}\,{\text{K}}^{ - 1} \,{\text{g}}^{ - 1} ) = 23.236 + 10.6584 \times 10^{ - 2} (T/{\text{K}}) + 21.294 \times 10^{5} ({\text{K}}/T)^{2} (300 \le T/{\text{K}} \le 900) $, respectively. A set of self consistent thermodynamic functions such as entropy, Gibbs energy function, heat capacity, and Gibbs energy and enthalpy values for U2Ti have been computed using data obtained in this study and required data from the literature. 相似文献
The hepatitis B surface antigen manufactured by recombinant DNA technology is extracted from the culture media by density gradient centrifugation using cesium salts. Cesium is considered to be toxic, because it affects active ion transport by blocking potassium channels. The residual trace levels of cesium in hepatitis B vaccine samples are determined by suppressed ion chromatography. Hepatitis B vaccines contain various buffer salts, aluminum-containing adjuvants, proteins and traces of iron. The polyvalent cations (Al3+, Fe3+) and proteins degrade the chromatographic performance in terms of decreased retention time and poor reproducibility. Different sample preparation approaches were evaluated with the aim of eliminating these foulants: (1) filtration, (2) digestion and (3) digestion-protein precipitation. Quantitative elimination of these foulants was achieved in the digestion-protein precipitation sample clean-up approach. Cesium was separated on the IonPac CS17 column with suppressed conductivity detection. The results of the ion chromatography (IC) method were compared with ICP-MS analysis. The precision of determination was better than 6.5% (relative standard deviation) with a method detection limit of 45 ng mL−1. The expanded uncertainty in the measurement at 95% confidence level (coverage factor 2) is better than 16.3%.
Condition monitoring is implementation of the advanced diagnostic
techniques to reduce downtime and to increase the efficiency and reliability.
The research is for determining the usage of advanced techniques like Vibration
analysis, Oil analysis and Thermography to diagnose ensuing problems of the
Plant and Machinery at an early stage and plan to take corrective and preventive
actions to eliminate the forthcoming breakdown and enhancing the reliability of
the system. Nowadays, the most of the industries have adopted the condition
monitoring techniques as a part of support system to the basic maintenance strategies.
Major condition monitoring technique they follow is Vibration Spectrum
Analysis, which can detect faults at a very early stage. However implementation
of other techniques like Oil analysis or Ferrography, Thermography etc. can
further enhance the data interpretation as they would detect the source of abnormality
at much early stage thus providing us with a longer lead time to plan and take
the corrective actions. In Large Captive Power Plants and Aluminium Smelters,
Integrated Condition Monitoring techniques play an important role as stoppage
of primary system and its auxiliaries (boiler, steam turbine, generator, coal and
ash handling plants etc.) results into the stoppage of the entire plant, which in turn
leads to loss of productivity. From economical and operational point of view, it is
desirable to ensure optimum level of system availability. 相似文献
The effects of CuO loading, reaction temperature, and surface gas velocity (Ug) on the photocatalytic reduction of NO have been determined in an annular flow type and a modified two-dimensional fluidized bed photoreactor. The optimum CuO loading was found to be 3.3 wt.% and NO degradation conversion in the modified two-dimensional fluidized bed photoreactor is more than 70% at 2.5 Umf. 相似文献
The Mobil Composition of Matter No. 41 (MCM-41) containing Cu and Al with Si/Al ratios varying from 100 to 10 and 1 to 6 wt.% of Cu was synthesized under hydrothermal and impregnation conditions, respectively. The samples were characterized by nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurements, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), and 29Si and 27Al magic-angle spinning–nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS–NMR) spectra. X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that the modified materials retain the standard MCM-41 structure. TPR patterns show the two-step reduction of Cu species. TPD study shows that Cu-impregnated Al-MCM-41 samples are more acidic than Al-MCM-41. From the MAS–NMR it was confirmed that most of the Al atoms are present tetrahedrally within the framework and some are present octahedrally in extraframework position. Impregnation of Cu shifted Al to the extraframework position. The catalytic activity of the samples toward hydroxylation of phenol in aqueous medium was evaluated using H2O2 as the oxidant at 80 °C. The effects of reaction parameters such as temperature, catalyst amount, amount of H2O2, and solvent were also investigated. Sample containing 4 wt.% copper-loaded Al-MCM-41-100 showed high phenol conversion (78%) with 68% catechol and 32% hydroquinone selectivity. 相似文献
Using a standard high-temperature solid-state reaction technique, polycrystalline samples of (Bi1?x, Nax) (Fe1?x, Tax) O3 (x = 0.0, 0.5) were prepared. The formation of the desired materials was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The surface texture of the prepared materials recorded by scanning electron microscope exhibits a uniform grain distribution with small voids suggesting the formation of high-density pellet samples. The impedance and dielectric properties of the materials were investigated as a function of temperature and frequency. The relative dielectric constant and loss tangent of BiFeO3 decrease on addition of NaTaO3 (x = 0.5). The effect of addition of NaTaO3 on grain and grain boundary contributions in the resistive and capacitive components of BiFeO3 was studied using complex impedance spectroscopy. The value of activation energy due to both grain and grain boundary of both the samples is nearly same. The nature of variation of dc conductivity confirms the Arrhenius behavior of the materials. Study of frequency dependence of ac conductivity suggests that the materials obey Jonscher’s universal power law and the presence of ionic conductivity. 相似文献
The influence of radiation and chemical reaction on a natural convective MHD flow through a porous medium bounded by a vertical infinite surface in the presence of transverse magnetic field is studied. The basic equations governing the flow, heat and mass transfer are reduced to a set of ordinary differential equations by appropriate transformations. Governing equations are solved by perturbation technique for velocity, temperature and concentration, and that has been presented graphically for different values of involved parameters. It is observed that effects of magnetic parameter and radiation parameter in the flow field affect the flow significantly. 相似文献
This is the report of flavor physics and model building working group at WHEPP-9. While activites in flavor physics have been
mainly focused on B-physics, those in model building have been primarily devoted to neutrino physics. We present summary of working group discussions
carried out during the workshop in the above fields, and also briefly review the progress made in some projects subsequently. 相似文献
Starting with the unification hypothesis of mixings of quarks and leptons and small quark-like mixings at the see-saw scale,
we find that two large mixings for νe —νx03BC; andvμ—vτ at the weak scale are obtained as a result of renormalization group evolution and radiative magnification if the three neutrinos
are quasi degenerate in masses and possess the same CP parity. We also find thatUe3 remains small and well within the CHOOZ-Palo Verde bound since the correspondingVub for CKM mixing is very small. Several testable pedictions are pointed out. 相似文献