Structure of Asphaltene Compounds Formed by Homogeneous Pyrolysis of 2-Naphthol

The structure of asphaltene compounds formed by homogeneous pyrolysis of 2-naphthol was studied.     

C-Acylation of Electron-Excess Heterocycles by Isocyanatophosphoric Acid Dichlorides

Abstract

Isocyanatophosphoric acid dichlondes was used for introduction of phosphorus-containing groups at electron-excess heterocycles. Hetaryl containing dichlorophosphates, convenient starting material for synthesis for wide set of derivatives, were prepared by C-acylation with this reagent.     

C-Phosphorylation of Electron-Rich Heterocycles

Abstract

C-phosphorylation of pyrrole, furan, thiophene derivatives and their benzanalogs by phosphorus tribromide has been studied. Perspective methods for involving trivalent phosphorus residues at a different position of the rings have been developed. Unknown early the heterocycle's derivatives with tri- and tetracoordinated phosphorus substituents (1–5) and novel types of phosphoruscontaining heterocycles (6,7) have been obtained.     

In situ study of the interaction between <Emphasis Type="Italic">tert</Emphasis>-butyl chloride and aluminum activated with liquid In-Ga eutectic

The interaction between tert-butyl chloride and activated aluminum was studied by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy near room temperature (18–25°C). A long induction period of ∼240–260 min was observed. The ionic aluminum chloride complexes [Al _n Cl_3n+1]⁻ (n = 1, 2) and the molecular species AlCl₃ were identified at the activated aluminum/tert-butyl chloride interface during the reaction. The formation of the ion in the AlCl₄⁻ ion in the liquid medium and the presence of the same ion and a molecular AlCl₃-tert-butyl chloride complex in the resinous products of the reaction were confirmed by ²⁷Al NMR spectroscopy. The reaction products were analyzed qualitatively by GC/MS. The reactivities of activated aluminum and anhydrous aluminum chloride toward tert-butyl chloride under the same conditions were compared. A distinctive feature of the interaction activated aluminum and tert-butyl chloride is the dominant formation of the AlCl₄⁻ ion. By contrast, the interaction between aluminum chloride and tert-butyl chloride yields the polynuclear ion Al₂Cl₇⁻ and, likely, Al₃Cl₁₀⁻.     

Molecular structure of dibenzoadamantylphosphonyl-17-crown-6 in the crystalline state and in solutions

Conclusions It has been shown that for dibenzoadamantylphosphonyl-17-crown-6 in the crystalline state and in solutions, the characteristic conformation has separate orientations of the unshared electron pairs of the oxygen atom, owing to the presence of the bulky adamantyl grouping.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 2028–2036, September, 1984.     

The Effect of Support Nature and the Temperature of Preliminary Calcination on the Atomic Catalytic Activity of Supported Palladium Catalysts for the Complete Oxidation of Hydrocarbons

It is shown that for palladium catalysts supported on various supports, there is no effect of thermal activation consisting of an increase in the turnover number (TON) of palladium with an increase in the temperature of sample calcination from 500 to 700°C, as was observed in the case of similar supported platinum catalysts; for two palladium–alumina catalysts calcined at 500°C and differing in the concentration of palladium and dispersity, the TON of low-dispersity palladium is substantially higher than the TON of high-dispersity palladium; all other conditions being the same, the TON of supported palladium is determined by the support nature.     

Cyclization of N1-aryl-N3-acetyl-p-nitrobenzamidrazones to substituted 1,2,4-triazoles

The reaction of -acetamido-p-nitroacetophenone with benzenediazonium salts gave N¹-aryl-N³-acetyl-p-nitrobenzamidrazones, which are cyclized to 5-methyl-1-aryl-3-(p-nitrobenzoyl)-1,2,4-triazoles. The latter are quaternized at the nitrogen atom in the 4 position.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsikli-cheskikh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 537–539, April, 1977.     

Effect of Thermal Activation of Supported Catalysts Pt/MeOx,Where MOx = Al2O3, CeO2, La2O3, and ZrO2, for Complete Oxidation

A sharp increase in the atomic catalytic activity (ACA) of supported platinum catalysts in the model reaction of n-pentane complete oxidation is found on going from the preliminary calcination temperature of 500–600°C to a temperature of 700°C. ACA increases by an order of magnitude for the Pt/-Al₂O₃ system, 3 times for Pt/ZrO₂, and 1.5 times for Pt/CeO₂. The per-gram activities of all catalysts decrease because of a decrease in the dispersion of supported platinum with an increase in the temperature of preliminary calcination.     

In Situ Formation of Al(Fe)/Cl Metal Chloride Complexes and Evaluation of Their Catalytic Properties in the Reaction of Ethylene Oligomerization

According to FT-IR and UV spectroscopic data, the interaction of the Al/Fe alloy with tert-butyl chloride results in that AlCl₄^–, Al₂Cl₇^–, and FeCl₂⁺ ion complexes, Fe³⁺ ions, and AlCl₃ molecular form are produced in situ in the reaction medium. Ethylene was oligomerized in n-hexane on metal chloride complexes produced in situ from Al/Fe alloys and tert-butyl chloride.