Some Isoperimetric Inequalities in Electrochemistry and Hele Shaw Flows

Isoperimetric inequalities are applied to a moving-boundaryproblem for doubly-connected domains. This problem occurs forexample in electrochemistry, in which case the domains in questionare the electrolyte of an electrolytic cell. The two electrodessurrounding the electrolyte are assumed to grow or dissolve,at different rates in general, by electrochemical reaction.We obtain optimal estimates showing, for example, that the leastchange in volume of each electrode always occurs in sphericalsymmetry.     

MODELING CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE EFFECT ON THE NORWEGIAN SALMON FARMING INDUSTRY

Abstract Global warming is expected to affect the ecosystem in the Northeast Atlantic, and substantial changes will also affect the aquaculture industry. Farming of salmon and trout is the biggest aquaculture industry in Norway, with an export value of about 3 billion US dollars in 2007. The objective of the paper is to analyze the potential economic effect a general increase in sea temperature can have on the Norwegian salmon aquaculture industry. The assessment of the economic impact of global warming is made possible by estimating a growth function, which explicitly includes sea water temperature. The analysis compares the economic effect of a climate change on fish farming plants in the south and the north of Norway. The scenarios are based on a model with monthly seasonal variation in temperature.     

A theoretical analysis of the excited states in 2-benzoylthiophene

The lower excited states of 2-benzoylthiophene have been studied using ab initio quantum chemical methods based on multiconfigurational wave functions. Six singlet and six triplet excited states have been characterized. The geometry has been optimized for the two lowest triplet states, which are responsible for the photoreactivity of the chromophore in the photosensitizing drug tiaprofenic acid. The T¹(π → π?) and T₂(n → π?) states have been found to be close in energy with the π → π? state slightly lower. The excited states have been characterized using density difference and spin density plots. The different photochemical behaviour of the two triplet states can be rationalized from the theoretical data.     

II: PROPERTIES OF DIATOMIC AND TRIATOMIC MOLECULES

Results are presented from a theoretical study of the × ⁶Σ⁺, A ⁶Σ⁺ and ⁶Δ electronic states of CrH using multiconfiguration second-order perturbation theory in the multi-state formalism (MS-CASPT2). It is shown that the results for the spectroscopic constants and radiative lifetimes for the A state are in agreement with experiment and an earlier multireference configuration interaction study only if the two close lying × and A states are allowed to interact at a level of approximation that includes dynamic correlation.     

PHOTOINACTIVATION OF CATALASES FROM MAMMAL LIVER, PLANT LEAVES AND BACTERIA. COMPARISON OF INACTIVATION CROSS SECTIONS AND QUANTUM YIELDS AT 406 nm

Abstract— Photoinactivation in vitro at pH 7.0 of catalases from different sources (bovine liver, spinach leaves, and Micrococcus lysodeikticus) was studied. The wavelength of the inactivating light was close to the Soret peak of catalase. No great difference in light sensitivity between soluble catalases were found; the inactivation cross sections found ranged from 3.8.10^-4 to 5.0. 10^-4Ų/molecule. The inactivation quantum yield is 2.2. 10^-5 for bovine liver catalase and 3.110^-5 for Micrococcus catalase. The quantum yield for soluble spinach catalase is of a similar order of magnitude. There are some indications of a greater resistance to photodestruction of the spinach leaf catalase activity associated with small particles.     

Unpolarized structure functions and the parton distributions for nucleon in an independent quark model

Considering the nucleon as consisting entirely of its valence quarks confined independently in a scalar-vector harmonic potential; unpolarized structure functions F ₁(x, μ ²) and F ₂(x, μ ²) are derived in the Bjorken limit under certain simplifying assumptions; from which valence quark distribution functions u _v(x, μ ²) and d _v(x, μ ²) are appropriately extracted satisfying the normalization constraints. QCD-evolution of these input distributions from a model scale of μ ²=0.07 GeV² to a higher Q ² scale of Q ₀ ² =15 GeV² yields xu _v(x, Q ₀ ² ) and xd _v(x, Q ₀ ² ) in good agreement with experimental data. The gluon and sea-quark distributions such as G(x, Q ₀ ² ) and q _s(x, Q ₀ ² ) are dynamically generated with a reasonable qualitative agreement with the available data; using the leading order renormalization group equations with appropriate valence-quark distributions as the input.     

FAR-RED INDUCED, LONG-LIVED AFTERGLOW FROM PHOTOSYNTHETIC CELLS. SIZE OF AFTERGLOW UNIT AND PATHS OF ENERGY ACCUMULATION AND DISSIPATION

Abstract— –Small amounts of N -methyl phenazonium methosulphate (PMS) added to a suspension of Chlorella pyrenoidosa accelerate the emission of the long-lived far-red induced afterglow without greatly changing the amount of light emitted. The effect is noticeable in dilute suspensions at a PMS concentration of 10^-9 M. The concept of afterglow unit is introduced and defined as that part of the sample in which the rate of energy reemission can be controlled by a single molecule of PMS. The number of chlorophyll molecules per afterglow unit is about 10⁵. It is possible that the afterglow unit is identical to the thylakoid.
The rate constant for the final first order decay phase of afterglow at room temperature is about 0.7 min^-1 without PMS and about 3 times larger for a unit with one PMS molecule.
Diuron (DCMU) lowers the rate of afterglow decay. Desaspidin on the other hand decreases the amount of light emitted without affecting the decay rate. Carbonylcyanide- m -chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP) decreases the afterglow over the whole time-range and increases the decay rate. A kinetic model is developed to account for the results.     

Synthesis of N-methyl-N-[(1S)-1-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]ethyl]amine

N-Methyl-N-[(1S)-1-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]ethyl]amine (1)(1) is a key intermediate in the preparation of premafloxacin (2), which was under development as an antibiotic for use against pathogens of veterinary importance. This paper describes the development of a practical, efficient, and stereoselective process for the preparation of 1 from isobutyl (3S)-3-[methyl[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]amino]butanoate (5c). The key steps in the synthetic sequence are an asymmetric Michael addition, which yields 5c, and a stereoselective alkylation, which yields (3S,4S)-3-allyl-1,4-dimethylazetidin-2-one (17).     

High scale parity invariance as a solution to the SUSY CP problem and an explanation of small ε′/ε

It is shown that if the supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) emerges as the low energy limit of a high scale left-right symmetric gauge structure, the number of uncontrollable CP violating phases of MSSM are drastically reduced. In particular it guarantees the vanishing of the dangerous phases that were at the root of the so called SUSY CP problem. Such a symmetric gauge structure is independently motivated by the smallness of neutrino masses that arise via seesaw mechanism automatic in the theory. The minimal version of this theory also provides an explanation of the smallness of ε′/ε as a consequence of the high scale parity invariance. This talk is based on work done in collaboration with K S Babu and B Dutta.