Experimental study of the plasma window

The plasma window is an advanced apparatus that can work as the interface between a vacuum and a high pressure region. It can be used in many applications that need atmosphere-vacuum interface, such as a gas target, electron beam welding, synchrotron radiation and a spallation neutron source. A test bench of the plasma window is constructed in Peking University. A series of experiments and the corresponding parameter measurements have been presented in this article. The experiment result indicates the feasibility of such a facility acting as an interface between a vacuum and a high pressure region.     

基于铜纳米线放大的汞离子高灵敏比色检测法

将滚环扩增技术与铜纳米线相结合进行信号放大,建立高选择性、高灵敏的汞离子比色检测新方法。以链霉亲和素修饰的磁珠为探针捕获和分离基质,将生物素修饰的引物链固定到其表面。汞离子存在时,模板链将通过T-Hg^2+-T作用与引物链结合。加入T4连接酶及DNA聚合酶引发滚环扩增反应形成超长单链DNA。与短单链DNA互补形成的长双链DNA可作为铜纳米线沉积模板,加入盐酸释放出大量铜离子催化底物氧化显色。在0.005~1.0 nmol/L范围,汞离子浓度与吸收信号呈良好线性关系,检出限低至3.7 pmol/L。     

立构复合化聚乳酸纳纤膜的制备及高效滤除PM2.5性能

聚乳酸(PLA)纳米纤维在环境友好型纤维过滤材料领域有良好的应用前景,但受制于其本征螺旋分子链构象和低介电常数的不足,导致其驻极性能差、过滤性能(过滤效率及压降)易衰减以及有效服役周期短.本文将高旋光性的聚L-乳酸(PLLA)和聚D-乳酸(PDLA)溶液共混,并通过静电纺丝过程的高压静电场诱导C=O基团加速取向极化,形成高电活性的立构复合晶体(SCs),显著提高聚乳酸纳纤膜的表面电位、介电常数及驻极效果等电活性特征,增大纤维表面静电斥力,促进PLA纳纤膜(PLA NFMs)的纤维细化,从而使其压降大幅降低(85 L/min, 209.2 Pa),过滤PM_2.5效率显著提高至96.32%(纯PLLA对比样为72.44%).更重要的是,立构复合化PLA纳纤膜(SC-PLA NFMs)的过滤性能受气体流量变化影响较小(10～85 L/min),当气流增大时,过滤效率的衰减远远低于纯PLLA,在高气流下的稳定性使其能更好地满足在空气过滤领域的实际应用需求.此外,提高PLA纳纤膜电活性可显著增强摩擦生电输出性能和呼吸振动激发电信号,为基于人体呼吸的生理特征监测奠定理论基础....     

光通信系统中基于有限域的LDPC码的构造(英文)

基于有限域中域特征提出一种新型LDPC码的构造法.所构造LDPC码的校验矩阵由基于有限域循环置换矩阵的阵列组成,可以有效地降低编译码复杂度.针对光通信的特点,构造出适合于光传输系统的且具有高码率和高编码增益的码字.仿真结果表明:本文构造的码率为93.7%的LDPC(3780,3542)码与其它几种构造法构造出的具有相同码率的码字相比具有更高的编码增益,更适合应用于光通信系统中.     

Non-intrusive flow measurement based on a distributed feedback fiber laser

We propose a new non-intrusive flow measurement method using the distributed feedback fiber laser(DFB-FL)as a sensor to monitor flow in the pipe.The relationship between the wavelength of the DFB-FL and the liquid flow rate in the pipeline is derived.Under the guidance of this theory,the design and test of the flow sensor is completed.The response curve is relatively flat in the frequency range of 10 Hz to 500 Hz,and the response of the flow sensor has high linearity.The flow from 0.6 m^3/h to 25.5 m^3/h is accurately measured under the energy analysis method in different frequency intervals.A minimum flow rate of 0.046 m/s is achieved.The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the new non-intrusive flow measurement method based on the DFB-FL and accurate measurement of small flow rates.     

基于吡啶-2，6-二羧酸构建的镨(Ⅲ)配合物的合成、表征和生物活性

在水热条件下以吡啶-2,6-二羧酸和哌嗪作为配体合成了一种新的镨(Ⅲ)配合物:(H_2pipz)_(1.5)[Pr(pdc)_3]·7H_2O(1,pdc~(2-)=吡啶-2,6-二羧酸根;pipz=哌嗪),并借助红外光谱、元素分析和X射线单晶衍射对其进行了结构表征,进而采用密度泛函理论(DFT)方法探究了配合物1的基本结构单元的电子结构。此外,抗肿瘤实验表明配合物1对K562(IC_(50)=(61.3±10.20)μg·mL~(-1))和OE-19细胞(IC_(50(=(15.9±3.24)μg·mL~(-1))均表现出较强的细胞毒性,尤其是对OE-19细胞具有更强的抑制效果。     

上海光源在生命科学和高分子材料中的应用

<正>当代生命科学的主要研究目标是分子生物学,这是自从20世纪50年代DNA双螺旋结构被发现开始的。遗传信息由DNA通过RNA传向蛋白质("中心法则")这一规律的发现,极大地促进了生命科学的发展。1990年,由美国发起了人类基因组计划,这一计划的目标是:测出人体基因组中包含     

基于CsPbBr3量子点的湿度传感器的制备及其在微裂纹检测中的应用

采用简单的溶液路线结合乙酰丙酮铁(AAI)改性技术,制备了分散性良好、尺寸均匀的钙钛矿型CsPbBr₃-Fe量子点(QDs),通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)以及光致发光(PL)光谱对材料进行表征。并通过旋涂法构筑基于钙钛矿QDs的电阻式湿度传感器。湿敏特性测量结果表明：该湿度传感器在10%~100%的相对湿度(RH)的检测范围内具有良好的线性、快速响应特性;在70% RH时传感器的灵敏度为1.1,响应时间为33 s,恢复时间为38 s。此外,我们运用有限元方法模拟了管道微裂缝的泄漏行为,通过模拟不同流速、压力下的流速场和压力场分布,验证了利用湿度传感器检测泄漏点位置的可行性。     

Charge transfer modification of inverted planar perovskite solar cells by NiOx/Sr:NiOx bilayer hole transport layer

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are the most promising commercial photoelectric conversion technology in the future. The planar p-i-n structure cells have advantages in negligible hysteresis, low temperature preparation and excellent stability. However, for inverted planar PSCs, the non-radiative recombination at the interface is an important reason that impedes the charge transfer and improvement of power conversion efficiency. Having a homogeneous, compact, and energy-level-matched charge transport layer is the key to reducing non-radiative recombination. In our study, NiO$_{x}$/Sr:NiO$_{x}$ bilayer hole transport layer (HTL) improves the holes transmission of NiO$_{x}$ based HTL, reduces the recombination in the interface between perovskite and HTL layer and improves the device performance. The bilayer HTL enhances the hole transfer by forming a driving force of an electric field and further improves $J_{\rm sc}$. As a result, the device has a power conversion efficiency of 18.44%, a short circuit current density of 22.81 mA$\cdot$cm$^{-2}$ and a fill factor of 0.80. Compared to the pristine PSCs, there are certain improvements of optical parameters. This method provides a new idea for the future design of novel hole transport layers and the development of high-performance solar cells.     

光突发交换网络中基于LDPC码的丢包恢复机制(英文)

基于前向纠错编码理论,在光突发交换网络中提出一种丢包恢复机制来降低突发丢失率.构造了一种能对突发包进行在线编解码的低密度奇偶校验码.入口边缘节点通过对信息突发包进行在线编码产生冗余突发包,出口边缘节点利用译码算法从接收到的突发包中恢复出丢失的突发数据.另外,为信息突发包增加一个额外的偏置时间以减少冗余突发与信息突发竞争信道资源.通过OPNET仿真软件对不同丢包恢复机制的性能进行仿真,结果表明,与奇偶校验码提出的丢包恢复机制相比,具有更低的突发丢失率和良好的丢包恢复能力.