粘度法研究明胶在聚氨酯弹性体表面的吸附

根据文献以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）为原料制备了具有较好机械性能的聚氨酯弹性体胶条（PU）,并在胶条表面接枝肝素,得到肝素化聚氨酯胶条（PU-Hep）。将聚氨酯胶条浸泡在明胶稀溶液中,测量溶液粘度随时间、溶液浓度和温度的变化,并采用具有界面校正的粘度方程从实验相对粘度数据计算明胶在聚氨酯表面的吸附量。研究发现明胶分...     

Analysis of viscosity abnormalities of polyelectrolytes in dilute solutions

It was found that the interface effects in viscous capillary flow influenced the process of viscosity measurement greatly,and the abnormal viscosity behaviors of polyelectrolytes as well as neutral polymers in dilute solution region were ascribed to interface effect.According to this theory,we have reviewed the previous viscosity data of derivatives of poly-2- vinylpyridine reported by Maclay and Fuoss first.Then,the abnormal viscosity behaviors of a series of sodium polystyrene sulfonate samples with various molecular weights in dilute aqueous solutions were studied further.The solute adsorption behaviors and structural information of polymers have been discussed carefully.     

尺寸排除色谱扩展因子的保留体积依赖性

尺寸排除色谱扩展函数的方差即尺寸排除色谱柱中单分散高分子峰的扩展因子,以窄分布聚苯乙烯标样用分子量分离和扩展效应同时标准的方法作了测量。简单的理论分析导出了一个方程以表示扩展因子的保留体积依赖性,其中包括四个具有明确物理意义并可实验测量的参数。该方程与实验数据符合得相当好,并解释了扩展因子极值出现的条件。     

用多分散高聚物标样作凝胶色谱的分子量分离和扩展效应同时校准

根据凝胶色谱柱在理想工作条件下单分散高分子组分的校准关系与多分散试样的实效关系之间的理论联系,建议了一种简单的觅数方法,同时作凝胶色谱柱的分子量分离和扩展因子的校准。用本法从窄分布的聚苯乙烯和宽分布的1,2-聚丁二烯级分的实验谱图得到的所用凝胶色谱柱的扩展因子与淋出体积间的关系相互重合,与试样种类无关。     

PREPARATION AND SWELLING PROPERTIES OF SUPER-ABSORBENT POLYMER

A super-absorbent polymer is prepared by graft polymerizing acrylamide (AM) ontopotato starch using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) and N, N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide(bisAM) as an initiator and cross-linking agent respectively, and then subjecting the potatostarch-poly(acrylamide) (PAM) graft copolymer (SPAM ) to alkaline saponification. Thewater absorbency (WA) of the sample is nearly 5000 g H_2O/g for dry sample in 24 hat room temperature and is far larger than that of reported in the literature. Thevariables affecting the WA were investigated and optimized, they were: concentrations ofpotato starch, AM, CAN and bisAM were 26.3 g/L, 1.14 mol/L, 10.3 mmol/L and 0.53mmol/L, respectively. The amount of sodium hydroxide was 15 g and the temperatures ofgraft copolymerization and saponification reactions were 60℃ and 95℃. The time of graftcopolymerization and saponification reactions was 2 h, respectively.     

聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺在十二烷基硫酸钠水溶液中的线团球体转变

高分子链在溶液中,当溶剂由良变劣时,将发生线团-球体转变,而同时由于链间聚集造成的相分离,使得很难真正观察到热力学意义上稳定的高分子单链紧缩球体。表面活性剂的加入有助于阻止高分子链间发生聚集,在不同的外部条件下,表面活性剂同高分子链将形成形态迥异且又复杂有趣的复合结构。本文主要讨论了聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺在十二烷基硫酸钠水溶液体系中的线团-球体转变行为,以及聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺与十二烷基硫酸钠分子间的相互作用及结构模型。     

水蒸气和水在高聚物薄膜中的透过性

本工作用重量法测量了水蒸气和液体水在十一种高聚物薄膜中的透过速率。在液体水的穿透接触下,聚乙烯、聚己酰胺、绦纶的高分子聚集态结构产生变化,致使液体水的透速逐渐降低而趋于一极限恒定值。非晶态高聚物对液体水的透速系数P_水与饱和水蒸气的透速系数P_鲍相近,但随温度的升高比值P_水/P_鲍略有增大。晶态高聚物对液体水的透速要比鲍和水蒸气的透速大几倍,从而推断有粘性流动的存在。     

酚醛冠醚共缩聚物的合成与性能

用2,6-二羟甲基-4-苯基苯酚分别与二苯并-18-冠-6(2B18C6)、二苯并-24-冠-8(2B24C8)、二苯并-30冠-10(2B30C10)、苯并-15-冠-5(B15C5)、苯并-18-冠-6(B18C6)缩聚合成了五种酚醛型冠醚共聚物。我们用聚冠醚的氯仿溶液萃取苦味酸碱金属盐水溶液,研究了它们对金属离子的络合性能。结果表明,聚冠醚(PB15C5)和(PB18C6)的萃取能力和选择性显著优于相应的单冠醚。     

蛋白质在固体表面吸附的研究进展

蛋白质在固体表面的吸附有多种理论模型和实验分析.蛋白质吸附主要包括分子传递、吸附、重排、交换、解吸等步骤.蛋白质在表面的状态由表面性能、静电作用及蛋白质自身性质等因素决定.蛋白质分子在界面吸附后发生构象改变,引起熵增.     

STUDY ON LONG CHAIN BRANCHING IN POLYBUTADIENES BY GPC COUPLED WITH CAPILLARY VISCOMETER

The long chain branching of polybutadienes (PB) was measured with gel permeation chroma-tography coupled to an automatically recording capillary viscometer. In this method the experimentalrelation [η] (V) was translated into the calibration curve [η] (V_R) for the monodisperse species. The curve is combined with the universal calibration so that the molecular weight distributionand an additional parameter, e.g. the average branching factor of this samples may be obtained. Longchain branching molecular weight changes with polyemerization conditions.