多目标多光谱辐射高速高温计的研制

固体火箭羽焰是一种特殊的火焰,固体火箭发动机喷管羽流沿径向和轴向的温度是研究固体推进剂燃烧状况和发动机燃烧流场的基本参数。针对固体火箭发动机尾喷焰温度及其空间分布测量的需要,继1999年采用多光谱辐射测温方法和技术实现航天某型号固体火箭发动机测量后,研制了新型的多目标多光谱辐射高速高温计用于固体火箭发动机地面搭载试验。仪器使用组合棱镜和光电二极管阵列实现目标0.4~1.1μm光谱的热辐射测量,在主光路设计中首次使用光纤技术,实现一台仪器同时测量空间分布6个目标点的温度和发射率,每个点的空间位置由光阑上的通光孔精确确定,且每个目标测点均有8个工作光谱,研制的同步高速数据采集系统完成48个测量通道的数据同步时间小于10 ns。     

Sm3+掺杂含银硼酸钙玻璃的制备及光谱性质

采用熔融淬火技术制备了掺杂Sm3+的组分为30CaO-60B2O3-10AgNO3-xSm2O3(x=0.05,0.25,0.5,1,3,5(摩尔分数))硼酸钙玻璃。采用吸收光谱及荧光激发和发射光谱对样品的光谱性质进行了研究。样品吸收光谱测量表明样品中存在Ag聚集体和金属Ag纳米颗粒,Sm3+掺杂浓度的改变对金属Ag纳米颗粒的浓度产生影响,而对Ag聚集体的吸收影响较弱。样品的荧光光谱测量发现该系列样品均表现为宽带吸收和宽带发射特性,同时观察到了在405 nm激发下Sm3+的掺杂对Ag聚集体的发光产生了猝灭作用,但可改善样品发射光谱的成分,提高红色发射比例。色度学研究表明样品的色坐标随Sm3+掺杂浓度及激发波长变化。这些研究结果表明该系列样品是一种潜在的白光LED用荧光体材料。     

Measuring normal spectral emissivities of niobium by a pulse-heating technique:1000K to the melting point

The normal spectral emissivity of niobium strip specimen is measured using a new pulse-heating reflectometric technique. The hemispherical spectral reflectivity of the surface of a strip tangent to an integrating sphere is determined by a high-speed lock-in technique. At the same time, the radiance tem-perature of the strip is measured by the multi-wavelength high-speed pyrometer from approximately 1000 K to the melting point. Details of the measurement method and of the related calibration techniques are reported. Results of the normal spectral emissivity of niobium at 633, 753, 827, and 905 nm from room temperature to its melting point are presented. The accuracy of spectral emissivities is estimated better than 5%.     

一种测量金属熔点温度和法向光谱发射率的多光谱数据处理方法研究

金属熔点温度和法向光谱发射率数据是国际上对电流脉冲加热技术测量材料热物性参数的关键比对点。针对连续测量金属熔点附近温度的特点,提出了一种新的发射率假设模型,并在此基础上提出了一种新的多光谱高速高温计的数据处理方法。该方法只需使用多光谱高速高温计作为测量装置,通过处理两个不同时刻多光谱高速高温计的测量数据,由计算可同时获知两个时刻的真温及光谱发射率。经对国外的标准铌试样进行了测试,所得数据与国外同行的测量数据进行了比对,具有较好的一致性,实验结果表明,熔点真温计算值与生产者提供的值之差在±20K以内。     

Measurement of thermophysical properties by a pulse-heating technique

A technique is described for the dynamic measurement of selected thermophysical properties of electrically conducting solids in the temperature range from 1100 K to the melting point.Based on rapid resistive self-heating of the specimen from room temperature to any desired high temperature in several seconds by the passage of an electical current pulse through it,this technique measures the pertinent quantities such as current,voltage,randiance temperature,with sub-millisecond time resolution.The pulse-heating technique is applied to strip specimens.The radiance temperature is measured by high-speed pyrometry, normal spectral emissivity of the strips is measured by integrating sphere reflectometry.The normal spectral emissivity results are used to compute the true temperature of the specimens.The heat capacity, electrical resistivity,total hemispherical emissivity are evaluated in the temperature range from 1100 K to the melting point.