有机液体优先透过渗透汽化膜及其过程

本文回顾了近０年来有机液体优先透过渗透汽化膜的研究与发展状况。包括各种欲分离体系及膜材料的选择、膜的渗透汽化特征表征、影响膜分离性能的各种因素，以及近年来有机液体优先透过ＰＶ膜的一些研究成果。     

ORGANIC PERMSELECTIVE PERVAPORATION CHARACTERISTICS OF POLY(SILYLPROPYNE) AND COPOLYMER DENSE MEMBRANES

An investigation into the organic permselective separation through poly [1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne] (PTMSP) and (1-trimethylsily1)-1-(1-penta-methyl-disilyl)-1-propyne copoly-mer (TMSP-PMDSP) dense membranes was made to gain an insight into the effect ofthe chemical structure of membrane materials on pervaporation (PV) characteristics. Theresults show that the copolymer has a higher separation factor α_(org/water) but with a rela-tively lower value of flux J_t (g/m~2·h) than pure PTMSP. This phenomenon may be at-tributed to the introduction of side chain with large bulk volume in copolymer, whichbrought about a decrease of excess free volume and the improvement of diffesion selectivityto some extent. With the same molar concentration of organic liquids in feed, THF/watersolutions have the highest value of α_(org/water) as well as J_t in comparison with ethanol/water,iso-propanol/water and THF/water mixtures.     

改性聚苯醚膜对有机混合液的渗透汽化分离

研究了溴代ＰＰＯ地质膜以各种胺化学交联后对氯代烃如氯仿、氯代苯的水溶液的渗透汽化分离性能，以及对甲醇／正戊烷／乙醇／正戊烷等有机液的分离性能。通过和聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮物理共混，提高ＢＰＰＯ膜的极以改善对醇类／正戊烷混合的液的分离选择性。