Vacuum‐driven fluid manipulation by a piezoelectric diaphragm micropump for microfluidic droplet generation with a rapid system response time

Recently, we developed a convenient microfluidic droplet generation device based on vacuum‐driven fluid manipulation with a piezoelectric diaphragm micropump. In the present study built on our previous work, we investigate the influence of settings applied to the piezoelectric pump, such as peak‐to‐peak drive voltage (V_p‐p) and wave frequency, on droplet generation characteristics. Stepwise adjustments to the drive voltage in ±10‐V_p‐p increments over the range of 200?250 V_p‐p during droplet creation revealed that the droplet generation rate could be reproducibly controlled at a specific drive voltage. The droplet generation rate switched within <0.5 s after the input of a new voltage. Although the droplet generation rate depended on the drive voltage, this setting had almost no influence on droplet size. The frequency over the selected range (50?60 Hz) did not markedly influence the droplet generation rate or droplet size. We show that the current fluid manipulation system can be conveniently used for both droplet generation and for rapid droplet reading, which is required in many microfluidic‐based applications.     

Flow-injection determination of 3-hdroxybutyrate in serum with an immobilized 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase reactor and chemiluminescence detection

A flow-injection system for the determination of 3-hydroxybutyrate in serum is described. 3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase is immobilized on poly(vinyl alcohol) beads and incorporated in a flow-injection system. 1-Methoxy-5-methylphenazinium methylsulphate reacts with enzymatically generated NADH to give H₂O₂, which is detected chemiluminometrically with the reaction of luminol and hexacynoferrate(III). Serum is diluted and filtered through an ultrafiltration membrane. The system responds linearly to injected samples (80 μl) in the concentration range 0.5–300 μM; the detection limit is 0.1 μM. The within-day relative standard deviation (n = 90) for 58 μM 3-hydroxybutyrate in serum is 0.8%. The maximum throughout is 20 samples per hour. The immobilized enzyme is stable for at least 1 month.     

双奇核188Au的准粒子带结构研究

利用在束γ谱学实验技术, 通过¹⁷³Yb(¹⁹F,4nγ)反应 布居了¹⁸⁸Au的高自旋态, 并对其准粒子带结构进行了研究. 基于实验测量结果, 对原有的双奇核¹⁸⁸Au能级纲图做了较大的修改. 通过系统性比较, 对15⁺以上的能级结构进行了讨论.     

Magneto-Optical Measurement of Organic Conductor Using Rotational Cavity System

We have developed a new magneto-optical measurement system using a rotational cavity system equipped with a millimeter vector network analyzer and a 14 T solenoid type super conducting magnet. The measurement can be performed in the transmission configuration down to 1.6 K. The results of the precise angular dependence measurement of quasi-one-dimensional organic conductor (DMET)₂I₃ using the new system are shown, and its Fermi surface will be discussed in connection with the previous reports.     

Structural and electrical properties of crystalline (1−x)Ta2O5−xTiO2 thin films fabricated by metalorganic decomposition

Polycrystalline (1−x)Ta₂O₅−xTiO₂ thin films were formed on Si by metalorganic decomposition (MOD) and annealed at various temperatures. As-deposited films were in the amorphous state and were completely transformed to crystalline after annealing above 600 °C. During crystallization, a thin interfacial SiO₂ layer was formed at the (1−x)Ta₂O₅−xTiO₂/Si interface. Thin films with 0.92Ta₂O₅–0.08TiO₂ composition exhibited superior insulating properties. The measured dielectric constant and dissipation factor at 1 MHz were 9 and 0.015, respectively, for films annealed at 900 °C. The interface trap density was 2.5×10¹¹ cm⁻² eV⁻¹, and flatband voltage was −0.38 V. A charge storage density of 22.8 fC/μm² was obtained at an applied electric field of 3 MV/cm. The leakage current density was lower than 4×10⁻⁹ A/cm² up to an applied electric field of 6 MV/cm.     

Rotational bands in 181Ta

High-spin states in ¹⁸¹Ta have been studied via the ¹⁷⁶Yb(¹¹B,α2n) reaction at 52 MeV using the PEX array and at 57 MeV using the NORDBALL array, with α-particle detection. The previously known, K^π=(7/2)⁺ ground state band and K^π=(9/2)⁻ band have been extended to spins (29/2)⁺ and (31/2)⁻, respectively. Two new one-quasiparticle bands, the K^π=(5/2)⁺ band built on the known (5/2)⁺ isomer and a K^π=((1/2)⁻) band have been observed. Two other rotational bands with three-quasiparticle structure, K^π=(15/2)⁻ and ((19/2)⁺ with π(7/2)[404]ν²(1/2)[510](9/2)[624] and π(9/2)[514]ν²(1/2)[510](9/2)[624] configurations, respectively, have been newly observed. The half-life of the K^π=((19/2)⁺) bandhead which decays to the head of the (15/2)⁻ band has been measured to be 140(36) ns. However, transitions from the ((19/2)⁺) state to the (15/2)⁻ band have not been observed. Received: 26 August 1998     

Novel flow injection-fluorometric method for the determination of trace silicate and its application to ultrapurified water analysis

A highly sensitive fluorescence quenching method for the determination of silicate based on the formation of an ion associate between molybdosilicate and Rhodamine B (RB) in nitric acid medium was developed. A flow injection system coupled with a fluorescence detector was used for the measurement of fluorescence intensity at 560 and 580 nm as excitation and emission wavelengths, respectively. The calibration graph for Si showed a linear range of 0.1–5 ng cm⁻³ with correlation coefficient of 0.9999, and the detection limit of 0.06 ng cm⁻³. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of silicate in ultrapurified water with satisfactory results.     

Oxidation of alcohols with oxoperoxobis(N-phenylbenzohydroxamato)molybdenum(VI)

The title complex oxidizes primary and secondary alcohols to the corresponding carbonyl compounds. Stereoselective epoxidation of allylic alcohols is also described.