用熔融织构生长法(MTG)制备YBCO超导体的临界电流密度以及微观结构

用熔融织构生长法(Melt-Textured-Growth)制备出具有高临界电流密度的YBa_2Cu_3O_y超导材料·片状的YBCO粉末烧结体被快速加热到包晶转变温度以上,慢速冷却通过包晶转变点,制成一种高密度层状结构的类单晶超导体。这种超导体具有很强的定向结晶组织和很强的晶粒间的连接。采用持续的直流电四引线法在77K温度下,测量了样品的临界电流密度J_c与外磁场H的关系。在2T场强下,J_c达到了23800A/cm~2。扫描电镜和高压电镜的观察表明,样品中除了有弥散的Y_2BaCuO_y和CuO非超导相颗粒外,还存在着大量的孪晶、位错、位错环以及堆垛层错等品格缺陷。这些缺陷对提高磁场下的J_c起着重要的作用,其中有些缺陷本身就是磁通钉扎中心。     

六齿硅节点、阴离子有机框架化合物的合成

最近Arne Thomas小组利用可逆的Si—O化学反应,成功实现了一锅法合成基于八面体二负离子SiO_6构筑的硅酸盐有机框架聚合物,打破了硅基晶体框架材料仅在高压相中存在六齿配位结构的情况,证实低压条件下也可以实现六齿配位聚合物的合成,并且所得聚合物BET比表面积高达1276m~2·g~(-1)。通过高分辨率粉末X射线衍射、密度泛函理论和成对分布函数,所得阴离子框架聚合物——M_2[Si(C_(16)H_(10)O_4)1.5]存在2D和3D两种晶体结构,其中反离子M为Li~+、Na~+、K~+,C_(16)H_(10)O_4为9,10-二甲基蒽-2,3,6,7-四唑。     

Bi2212晶须中磁通线运动临界电流的反常现象

我们对同一Ｂｉ２２１２晶须样品加不同方向的磁场,比较了Ｈ∥ｂ和Ｈ∥ｃ两种情况下的Ｉ－Ｖ曲线。我们发现,当Ｈ∥ｃ时,驱动磁通线运动的临界电流Ｉｃ与温度的关系遵循一般的单调地随温度上升而下降的关系。但是,当Ｈ∥ｂ时,Ｉｃ在Ｔ＾＊＝２５．５Ｋ附近出现了一个峰值：当Ｔ〉Ｔ＾＊时,Ｉｃ温度的下降而升高;Ｔ〈Ｔ＾＊时,Ｉｃ随温度的下降而下降。我们在文章中对此现象进行了讨论。     

Y-Ba-Cu-O系中的高温电阻跳变

当前,关于Y-Ba-Cu-O氧化物超导体超导转变的研究,人们的主要注意力集中在零电阻为90K左右的超导相上,并指出相应的超导相为赝四方结构化合物,但除上述90K左右的超导相外,尚发现有其他超导转变。因此,是否存在更高转变温度的超导相仍是值得探索的问题。本文报道作者在Y-Ba-Cu-O系中发现高温电阻突变的现象。     

关于由环板解到圆板解过渡问题的一点注记

考虑均布荷载作用下圆薄板弯曲问题的一个简单例子(图1)容易得到图1(a)圆板的初参数解     

THE METHOD OF MIXED BOUNDARY CONDITION FOR A KION OF LINEAR AND NONLINEAR COMPOSITE STRUCTURE

This paper deals with the axisymmetrical deformation of shallow shells in largedeflection,which are in conjunction with linear elastic structures at the boundary.A methodof mixed boundary condition for this problem is introduced.then the problem of a compositestructure is transformed into a problem of a single structure and the integral equations aregiven.The perturbation method is used to obtain the solutions and an example of compositestructure consisting of a shallow spherical and a cylindrical shell is presented.     

The Perturbation Parameter in the Problem of Large Deflection of Clamped Circular Plates

In the problems of large deflection of clamped circular plates under uniformly distributed loads,various perturbation parameters relating to load,deflection,slope of deflection,membrane force,etc.are studied.For a general perturbation parameter,the variational principle is used for the solution of such a problem.The applicable range of these perturbation parameters are studied in detail.In the case of uniformly loaded plate,perturbation parameter relating to central deflection seems to be the best among all others.The method of determination of perturbation solution by means of variational principle can be used to treat a variety of problems,including the large deflection problems under combine loads.     

DETERMINATION OF THE PERTURBATION PARAMETER IN LARGE DEFLECTION OF PLATES AND SHALLOW SHELLS BY MEANS OF THE LEAST SQUARE METHOD

In this paper the least square method of determination of the perturbation parameteris presented when the perturbation technique is used in the solution of large deflection ofaxisymmetrical plates and shallow shells.The examples of circular plates are calculatedand compared with the exact solution and other perturbation solutions. The results show thebest agreement with the exact solution among those perturbation solutions.     

椭圆环壳在一般荷载下的轴对称问题

本文给出了在任意分布荷载下轴对称椭圓环壳的简化复变量方程。该方程准确度在薄壳理论误差范围内,并消除了全部经线极值奇点。得到了问题的等价的积分方程组,用数值积分方法给出了数值解。计算了膨胀节、液压圆环壳和半椭圆形密封环的算例,与准确解和实验结果作了比较。