Nitrotyrosine-modified proteins and oxidative stress induced by diesel exhaust particles

Protein tyrosine nitration is a post-translational modification that occurs under conditions of oxidative stress and may play a role in the pathogenesis of diseases such as asthma. Through their ability to generate reactive oxygen species in macrophages and epithelial cells, particulate pollutants, such as diesel exhaust particles (DEPs), may lead to a worsening of the asthmatic condition. In this study, we looked for evidence of oxidative modification of proteins in RAW 264.7 cell line treated with DEP chemicals. We show that the induction of oxidative stress is accompanied by 53 newly expressed proteins which are suppressed by a thiol antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine. These include antioxidant enzymes, pro-inflammatory components, and products of intermediary metabolism. In addition, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was identified as a biologically relevant oxidative stress protein that is induced concurrent with increased NO production and protein tyrosine-nitration in DEP-exposed RAW 264.7 cells. Utilizing two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, anti-nitrotyrosine immunoblotting, and mass spectrometry led to the identification of an additional ten nitrotyrosine modified proteins, including oxidative stress proteins involved in intermediary metabolism (e.g., GAPDH and enolase), antioxidant defense (e.g., MnSOD) and inhibition of proteosomal activity (e.g., Hsp 90alpha). These oxidative proteins may serve as markers for oxidative stress generation in vivo.     

Improvement of electrochemical performance for Li-rich spherical Li1.3[Ni0.35Mn0.65]O2+x modified by Al2O3

The Li-rich Li_1.3[Ni_0.35Mn_0.65]O_2+x microspheres are firstly prepared and subsequently transferred into the Al₂O₃-coated Li-rich Li_1.3[Ni_0.35Mn_0.65]O_2+x microspheres by a simple deposition method. The as-prepared samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and charge/discharge tests. The results reveal that the Al₂O₃-coated Li-rich Li_1.3[Ni_0.35Mn_0.65]O_2+x sample has a typical α-NaFeO₂ layered structure with the existence of Li₂MnO₃-type integrated component, and the Al₂O₃ layer is uniformly coated on the surface of the spherical Li-rich Li_1.3[Ni_0.35Mn_0.65]O_2+x particles with a thickness of about 4 nm. Importantly, the Al₂O₃-coated Li-rich sample exhibits obviously improved electrochemical performance compared with the pristine one, especially the 2 wt.% Al₂O₃-coated sample shows the best electrochemical properties, which delivers an initial discharge capacity of 228 mAh g^?1 at a rate of 0.1 C in the voltage of 2.0–4.6 V, and the first coulombic efficiency is up to 90 %. Furthermore, the 2 wt.% Al₂O₃-coated sample represents excellent cycling stability with capacity retention of 90.9 % at 0.33 C after 100 cycles, much higher than that of the pristine one (62.2 %). Particularly, herein, the typical inferior rate capability of Li-rich layered cathode is apparently improved, and the 2 wt.% Al₂O₃-coated sample also shows a high rate capability, which can deliver a capacity of 101 mAh g^?1 even at 10 C. Besides, the thin Al₂O₃ layer can reduce the charge transfer resistance and stabilize the surface structure of active material during cycling, which is responsible for the improvement of electrochemical performance of the Li-rich Li_1.3[Ni_0.35Mn_0.65]O_2+x .     

樟脑基苯甲酰胺类化合物的合成及生物活性研究

以天然樟脑为原料,经中间体樟脑肟和樟脑胺,以及樟脑胺与取代苯甲酰氯的N-酰化反应,合成得到9个樟脑基苯甲酰胺类化合物(3a～3i)。初步探索了合成条件,并通过FT IR、1H NMR、13C NMR、ESIMS和元素分析等多种手段对目标产物进行结构表征。生物活性测试表明,在50mg/L浓度下,所合成的化合物对5种植物病原菌均有一定的抑制作用,其中化合物3c(R=2-Cl)和3i(R=4-F)对苹果轮纹病菌的抑制率分别达97.5%和96.4%,化合物3i对小麦赤霉病菌的抑制率为95.7%。在100mg/L浓度下,化合物对油菜的胚根生长均显示良好的抑制活性,其中化合物3b(R=4-Cl)的抑制率达97.4%。     

乳香大环二萜类化学成分研究

采用硅胶柱层析,制备薄层层析等色谱方法,从乳香CO_2超临界提取物中分得7个大环二萜类化合物,经波谱方法鉴定为incensole acetate(1),incensole(2),incensole oxide acetate(3),isoincensole acetate(4),incensole oxide(5),isoincensoleoxide(6),isoincensolol(7),其中,化合物7为新化合物,化合物4为首次从该属植物中分离得到.采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法观察化合物对肿瘤细胞的抑制增殖作用.     

Tunable I-shaped metamaterial by loading varactor diode for reconfigurable antenna

A tunable metamaterial by employing I-shaped metamaterial with loaded varactor diode is presented in this paper and the phase of emitting wave modulated by the varactor diode is demonstrated. We have proved that the energy loss is relatively low when the working frequency is chosen to be away from the resonance frequency of the I-shaped metamaterial. By using the metamaterial, a pattern reconfigurable antenna is designed based on arrayed antennas theory. Simulations results show that the radiation pattern can be tuned to different angles by properly arranging the linear phase difference of adjacent regions.     

闽西晚中生代基性脉岩稀土元素地球化学特征

利用稀土元素特征对闽西基性脉岩的成岩方式和岩浆演化机制进行探讨. 闽西基性岩脉的稀土元素参数与常量元素的协变关系表明岩浆在上升侵入过程中可能没有发生地壳混染作用,在成岩过程中结晶分异作用可能不明显;多种稀土元素协变关系表明闽西基性脉岩的成岩机制可能为上地幔部分熔融作用,基性脉岩的地幔源区可能曾经遭受过俯冲流体交代富集作用,这种交代可能与古太平洋板块俯冲密切相关,软流圈地幔上涌导致地壳拉张作用的发育.     

DIRECT SIMULATION OF DEEP INELASTIC SCATTERING OF HEAVY-IONS (I) ONE PARAMETER DISTRIBUTION

The distributions of dynamic variables in the deep inelastic scattering (DIS) of heavy-ions are studied by a direct simulation technique based on the single-nucleon-transfer-mechanism. The relative motion of the two collision partners is described by a Lagrange equation, and the transition probability of a single nucleon during the interaction time is calculated by the statisti-cal spectroscopy method.The occurrence of the transition event and the corresponding change of the dynamic variables are both treated randomly according to the transition probability. The calculated results for the reaction of ⁴⁰Ar+⁵⁸Ni(E_L=280MeV) are compared with experimental data.     

α-萜品烯马来酰亚胺基酰腙衍生物的合成及杀菌活性研究

以α-蒎烯为原料,在质子酸催化下发生Wagner-Meerwein重排得到α-萜品烯,再与马来酸酐发生Diels-Alder环加成反应得到α-萜品烯马来酸酐(3),然后与水合肼反应制备N-氨基-α-萜品烯马来酰亚胺(4).在冰醋酸催化下,4与各种取代苯甲醛反应,合成得到17个新型α-萜品烯马来酰亚胺基酰腙化合物5a～5q.初步探索了合成条件,并利用元素分析,1H NMR,13C NMR,LC-MS,FT-IR等多种手段对目标产物作了分析表征.初步的生物活性测试表明,大部分化合物具有一定的杀菌活性,其中4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基-α-萜品烯马来酰亚胺基酰腙(5n)在浓度为50 mg/L时对苹果轮纹病菌、花生褐斑病菌和番茄早疫病菌的抑制率分别达91%,83.3%和76.7%.     

Theory and experiment agree: single-walled carbon nanotube caps grow catalyst-free with chirality preference on a SiC surface

High-temperature quantum chemical molecular dynamics simulations have been performed on model systems of thin SiC crystal surfaces with two graphene sheets placed on top of either C or Si face. In agreement with experiment, we find that (a) the C-face-attached graphene layer warps readily to form small diameter, stable nanocaps, suitable for further perpendicular growth of nanotubes, (b) the Si-face-attached graphene sheet does not readily wrap and forms more volatile Si-graphene bonds, and (c) C face nanocaps appear to anneal to dome-shape structures with zigzag chirality.     

Density functional study of the roles of chemical composition of di-transition-metal-substituted gamma-Keggin polyoxometalate anions

The roles of chemical composition (X, M and M(FW)) of di-transition-metal-substituted gamma-Keggin polytungstates and polymolybdates, [(X(n)(+)O(4))M(2)(OH)(2)(M(FW))(10)O(32)]((8-n)-), on the geometry, electronic structure, and magnetic properties of these species have been investigated at the density functional level. It was shown that the change of the heteroatom X via Al(III)-Si(IV)-P(V)-S(VI) slightly stabilizes the broken-symmetry (BS) state over the high-spin (HS) state, increases the antiferromagnetic coupling constant, J, of these species, and lowers the energies of their highest-occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs) and lowest-unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs). The change of the redox-active center M from Mn to Fe slightly increases the M-(XO(4)) interaction, J-coupling constant, and energy gap between the HS and BS states. Meanwhile, the LUMOs are stabilized, indicating the stronger oxidant character of [(X(n)(+)O(4))M(2)(OH)(2)W(10)O(32)]((8-n)-) for M = Fe than Mn. It was shown that the change of addenda atom M(FW) from W to Mo makes (a) the geometry of Keggin "cage" slightly smaller, (b) the interaction of redox-active centers (Fe) with the central XO(4)-unit slightly stronger, and (c) the J-coupling constant, as well as the energy gap DeltaE(BS-HS), slightly larger.