全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2222篇 |
免费 | 313篇 |
国内免费 | 353篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1823篇 |
晶体学 | 28篇 |
力学 | 115篇 |
综合类 | 31篇 |
数学 | 302篇 |
物理学 | 589篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 39篇 |
2022年 | 52篇 |
2021年 | 65篇 |
2020年 | 83篇 |
2019年 | 87篇 |
2018年 | 83篇 |
2017年 | 69篇 |
2016年 | 92篇 |
2015年 | 106篇 |
2014年 | 122篇 |
2013年 | 160篇 |
2012年 | 198篇 |
2011年 | 203篇 |
2010年 | 140篇 |
2009年 | 122篇 |
2008年 | 144篇 |
2007年 | 134篇 |
2006年 | 116篇 |
2005年 | 109篇 |
2004年 | 100篇 |
2003年 | 83篇 |
2002年 | 97篇 |
2001年 | 74篇 |
2000年 | 63篇 |
1999年 | 54篇 |
1998年 | 39篇 |
1997年 | 28篇 |
1996年 | 36篇 |
1995年 | 24篇 |
1994年 | 27篇 |
1993年 | 24篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 19篇 |
1990年 | 13篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2888条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Low-flow chromatography has a rich history of innovation but has yet to reach widespread implementation in bioanalytical applications. Improvements in pump technology, microfluidic connections, and nano-electrospray sources for MS have laid the groundwork for broader application, and innovation in this space has accelerated in recent years. This article reviews the instrumentation used for nano-flow LC, the types of columns employed, and strategies for multidimensionality of separations, which are key to the future state of the technique to the high-throughput needs of modern bioanalysis. An update of the current applications where nano-LC is widely used, such as proteomics and metabolomics, is discussed. But the trend toward biopharmaceutical development of increasingly complex, targeted, and potent therapeutics for the safe treatment of disease drives the need for ultimate selectivity and sensitivity of our analytical platforms for targeted quantitation in a regulated space. The selectivity needs are best addressed by mass spectrometric detection, especially at high resolutions, and exquisite sensitivity is provided by nano-electrospray ionization as the technology continues to evolve into an accessible, robust, and easy-to-use platform. 相似文献
2.
Liying Zhang Chuanrui Zhao Yujiao Bai Qian Wang Pan Ma Xiaojie Ma Peihua Zhu 《Electroanalysis》2022,34(2):302-309
The design and exploration of efficient, stable and environmentally compatible organic emitters for an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor is a promising topic. Herein, a novel environmentally-friendly luminophore, ZnBCBTP@MWCNTs, were fabricated via self-assembly of porphyrin molecules (ZnBCBTP) onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The resulting luminophore ZnBCBTP@MWCNTs displayed not only the highly ECL property and but also the good accelerated electron mobility. Then, a label-free ECL biosensor based ZnBCBTP@MWCNTs was constructed for the ultrasensitive detection of uric acid. Excitingly, this proposed ECL biosensor performed a good linear relationship in the range of 0–300 μM with a low detection limit of 1.4 μM, thus offering another reliable and feasible sensing platform for clinical bioanalysis with good selectivity, stability, and repeatability. 相似文献
3.
We initiate a program to study certain recent problems in non-compact coset CFT by the BRST approach. We derive a reduction formula for the BRST cohomology by making use of a twisting by highest weight modules. As illustrations, we apply the formula to the bosonic string model and a rank one non-compact coset model [DPL]. Our formula provides a completely new approach to non-compact coset construction.Partially supported by NSF Grant DMS-8703581 相似文献
4.
YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) bulk is one of the most important high temperature superconducting materials for magnetic levitation applications, because it has a high magnetic irreversibility field Hirr at liquid nitrogen temperature, and can grow into large grains. The levitation force of YBCO bulk is proportional to the critical current density (Jc) and grain radius (r)[1], so higher Jc and r are appreciated for YBCO bulks to achieve higher levitation force. Now single-domain YBCO bulks up to s… 相似文献
5.
相对论重离子碰撞实验中混合事件方法的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
把RQMD(Relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics)产生器产生的数据输入作为原始事例取样,讨论了在比较复杂的背景情况下,一种新的混合事件方法,用以证实在相对论重离子碰撞实验中高能量激发共振态的存在.并以共振态重子Δ++为例演示了这一方法的应用. 相似文献
6.
Vincent S. Smentkowski John T. Yates Jr. Xiaojie Chen William A. Goddard III 《Surface science》1997,370(2-3):209-231
The radiation-induced decomposition of C4F9I and CF3I overlayers at 119 K on diamond (100) surfaces has been shown to be an efficient route to fluorination of the diamond surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used for photoactivation as well as for studying the photodecomposition of the fluoroalkyl iodide molecules, the attachment of the photofragments to the diamond surface, and the thermal decomposition of the fluoroalkyl ligands. Measured chemical shifts agree well with ab initio calculations of both C 1s and F 1s binding energies. It is found that chemisorbed CF3 groups on diamond (100) decompose by 300 K whereas C4F9 groups decompose over the range 300 to 700 K and this reactivity difference is rationalized on steric grounds. Both of these thermal decomposition processes produce surface C---F bonds on the diamond. The surface C---F species thermally decompose over a wide temperature range extending up to 1500 K. Hydrogen passivation of the diamond surface is ineffective in preventing free radical attack from the photodissociated products of the fluoroalkyl iodides; I atoms produced photolytically abstract H from surface C---H bonds to yield hydrogen iodide at 119 K allowing diamond fluorination. The attachment of chemisorbed F species to the diamond (100) surface causes band bending as the surface states are occupied as a result of chemisorption. This results in a shift to higher binding energy of the diamond-related C 1s levels present in the surface and subsurface regions which are sampled by XPS on the diamond. The use of photoactivation of fluoroalkyl iodides for the fluorination of diamond surfaces provides a convenient route compared to other methods involving the action of atomic F, molecular F2, XeF2 and F-containing plasmas. 相似文献
7.
8.
Dirichlet boundary value problems for perturbed second-order differential equations on a half line are investigated in this paper. The methods mainly depend on the calculus of variations to the classical functionals. Sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence of the solutions. 相似文献
9.
An equation to express ion exchange selectivity coefficient was derived and used for calculating that of PPY film with the results obtained by cyclic voltammetric measurement. PPY film was synthesized by electrochemical method in aqueous solution using K4Fe(CN)6 as supporting electrolyte, and the anions were doped into the film. Ion exchange behaviour of doped Fe (CN)63-/4- in the PPY film with Cl?, NO3? or F? ions in solution has been studied, and the corresponding ion exchange selectivity coefficients were determined. 相似文献
10.
We study the superextension of the semi-infinite cohomology theory of the Virasoro Algebra. In particular, we examine the BRST complex with coefficients in the Fock Space of the RNS superstring. We prove a theorem of vanishing cohomology, and establish the unitary equivalence between a positive definite transversal space, a physical subspace and the zeroth cohomology group. The cohomology of a subcomplex is identified as the covariant equivalent of the well-known GSO subspace. An exceptional case to the vanishing theorem is discussed.Supported by NSF Grant DMS-8703581 相似文献