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1.
A self-propelled object coupled with an enzyme reaction between urease and urea was investigated at the air/aqueous interface. A plastic object that was fixed to a urease-immobilized filter paper was used as a self-propelled object, termed a urease motor, placed on an aqueous urea solution. The driving force of the urease motor is the difference in the surface tension around the object. Oscillatory motion or no motion was triggered depending on the initial pH of the urea solution. Both the frequency and maximum speed of the oscillatory motion varied depending on the initial pH of the water phase. The mechanisms underlying the oscillatory motion and no motion were discussed in relation to the bell-shaped enzyme activity of urease in the enzyme reaction and the surface tension around the urease motor. 相似文献
2.
Shunsuke Takagi Kei-ichi Watanabe 《Transactions of the American Mathematical Society》2004,356(10):3951-3961
Demailly, Ein and Lazarsfeld proved the subadditivity theorem for multiplier ideals on nonsingular varieties, which states the multiplier ideal of the product of ideals is contained in the product of the individual multiplier ideals. We prove that, in the two-dimensional case, the subadditivity theorem holds on log terminal singularities. However, in the higher dimensional case, we have several counterexamples. We consider the subadditivity theorem for monomial ideals on toric rings and construct a counterexample on a three-dimensional toric ring.
3.
Shunsuke Inenaga Ayumi Shinohara Masayuki Takeda Setsuo Arikawa 《Journal of Discrete Algorithms》2004,2(1):33
Suffix trees are a well-known and widely-studied data structure highly useful for string matching. The suffix tree of a string w can be constructed in O(n) time and space, where n denotes the length of w. Larsson achieved an efficient algorithm to maintain suffix trees for a sliding window. It contributes to prediction by partial matching (PPM) style statistical data compression scheme. Compact directed acyclic word graphs (CDAWGs) are a more space-economical data structure for indexing strings. In this paper we propose a linear-time algorithm to maintain CDAWGs for a sliding window. 相似文献
4.
Precise characterization of noncollinear optical parametric amplifier idler pulses that have bandwidths of more than an octave with a center wavelength at 990 nm was demonstrated. The method employed was cross-correlation frequency-resolved optical gating with broadband sum-frequency mixing to take advantage of the idler's angular dispersion. Compression to near the transform limit was achieved to produce quasi-monocyclic near-infrared pulses by use of a deformable membrane mirror. 相似文献
5.
Yan Yin Otoo Yamada Shunsuke Hayashi Kazuhiro Tanaka Hidetoshi Kita Ken‐Ichi Okamoto 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2006,44(12):3751-3762
A series of branched/crosslinked sulfonated polyimide (B/C‐SPI) membranes were prepared and evaluated as proton‐conducting ionomers based on the new concept of in situ crosslinking from sulfonated polyimide (SPI) oligomers and triamine monomers. Chemical branching and crosslinking in SPI oligomers with 1,3,5‐tris(4‐aminophenoxy)benzene as a crosslinker gave the polymer membranes very good water stability and mechanical properties under an accelerated aging treatment in water at 130 °C, despite their high ion‐exchange capacity (2.2–2.6 mequiv g?1). The resulting polymer electrolytes displayed high proton conductivities of 0.2–0.3 S cm?1 at 120 °C in water and reasonably high conductivities of 0.02–0.03 S cm?1 at 50% relative humidity. In a single H2/O2 fuel‐cell system at 90 °C, they exhibited high fuel‐cell performances comparable to those of Nafion 112. The B/C‐SPI membranes also displayed good performances in a direct methanol fuel cell with methanol concentrations as high as 50 wt % that were superior to those of Nafion 112. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 3751–3762, 2006 相似文献
6.
Kozo Matsumoto Junichi Nakashita Hideki Matsuoka 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2006,44(15):4696-4707
Diblock copolymer poly(1,1,3,N,N′‐pentamethyl‐3‐vinylcyclodisilazane)‐block‐polystyrene (polyVSA‐b‐polySt) and triblock copolymer poly(1,1,3,N,N′‐pentamethyl‐3‐vinylcyclodisilazane)‐block‐polystyrene‐block‐poly(1,1,3,N,N′‐pentamethyl‐3‐vinylcyclodisilazane) (polyVSA‐b‐polySt‐b‐polyVSA), consisting of silazane and nonsilazane segments, were prepared by the living anionic polymerization of 1,1,3,N,N′‐pentamethyl‐3‐vinylcyclodisilazane and styrene. PolyVSA‐b‐polySt formed micelles having a poly(1,1,3,N,N′‐pentamethyl‐3‐vinylcyclodisilazane) (polyVSA) core in N,N‐dimethylformamide, whereas polyVSA‐b‐polySt and polyVSA‐b‐polySt‐b‐polyVSA formed micelles having a polyVSA shell in n‐heptane. The micelles with a polyVSA core were core‐crosslinked by UV irradiation in the presence of diethoxyacetophenone as a photosensitizer, and the micelles with a polyVSA shell were shell‐crosslinked by UV irradiation in the presence of diethoxyacetophenone and 1,6‐hexanedithiol. These crosslinked micelles were pyrolyzed at 600 °C in N2 to give spherical ceramic particles. The pyrolysis process was examined by thermogravimetry and thermogravimetry/mass spectrometry. The morphologies of the particles were analyzed by atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The chemical composition of the pyrolysis products was analyzed by X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy and Raman scattering spectroscopy. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 4696–4707, 2006 相似文献
7.
Some novel physical ideas and mathematical techniques are described, useful in the development of effective Hamiltonian methods for studying molecular environmental effects. 相似文献
8.
T. Takahashi S. Uchida H. Hayashi S. Matsuoka K. Tomita N. Kurosawa 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2007,272(3):451-454
For the assessment of a public impact caused by radionuclides released from nuclear facilities, a dynamic compartment model
was developed for prediction of behavior of radioiodine in air, paddy field and rice plant system. The transfer coefficients
among compartments were determined by some experimental data and assumptions for each chemical form of iodine. A verification
of the model was carried out by some case studies. 相似文献
9.
Hiroshi Harada Kanichi Kamiya Hiroyuki Nasu Jun Matsuoka 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》1997,10(3):291-300
The sodium dititanate, Na2O·2TiO2 glass was prepared by the sol-gel method. The structure of the glass, especially local environment of Ti4+ ions was examined using X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analyses, and was compared with that of the melt-derived glass with the same composition. It was found that Ti4+ ions are rather in five-fold coordination state, forming TiO5 pyramids with one doubly bonded Ti=O in the gel-glass, while they were in lower coordination state or four-fold coordination in the melt-derived glass. 相似文献
10.