Experimental search for gamma-ray bursts from evaporating primordial black holes

The energy spectra and temporal characteristics of high-energy gamma-ray bursts from evaporating primordial black holes have been calculated using various evaporation models. The currently existing theoretical uncertainties in the shape of the evaporated photon spectrum are discussed. The data from the Andyrchy and Carpet-2 arrays of the Baksan Neutrino Observatory (Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences) obtained in the mode of detection of a single cosmic-ray component are used to search for cosmic gamma-ray bursts with a primary photon energy of about 8 GeV. New upper limits have been obtained for the number density of evaporating black holes in a local region of space with a characteristic size of ～10^?3 pc for various evaporation models.     

Experimental investigation of the resistance to the flow of a conducting fluid in flat insulated ducts in the presence of a transverse magnetic field with allowance for fringe effects and wall roughness

The distribution of pressure, velocity, and electrical potential has been investigated for a mercury flow in insulated rectangular ducts with a large side ratio (Hartmann-type flow). The ranges of variation of the Reynolds, Hartmann, and Stewart numbers were 7·10²R5·10⁵, 0H490, and 0N24, respectively. Special attention is given to the sections of the channel where the flow enters and leaves the magnetic field. In these zones the pressure is sharply nonuniform and the velocity profiles in a plane perpendicular to the field acquire an M shape. A relation is established between the length of the entrance section, where the flow is three-dimensional, and the MHD similarity criteria. It is shown that ducts which are hydraulically smooth in the absence of a magnetic field become increasingly rough as the field grows stronger. Data are obtained on the resistance coefficient for a stabilized flow measured in a magnetic field and on the dependence of the critical Reynolds number on the Hartmann number.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 4, pp. 10–21, July–August, 1971.     

Iterative algorithm for minimizing a convex function at the intersection of a spherical surface and a convex compact set

A numerical algorithm for minimizing a convex function on the set-theoretic intersection of a spherical surface and a convex compact set is proposed. The idea behind the algorithm is to reduce the original minimization problem to a sequence of convex programming problems. Necessary extremum conditions are examined, and the convergence of the algorithm is analyzed.     

Quantum-chemical interpretation of the reorientation of dialkyl-<Emphasis Type="Italic">cis</Emphasis>-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-endofumarates on a silver-containing stationary phase

The chromatographic behavior of a series of dialkyl-cis-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-endofumarates on a silver-containing stationary phase with various mobile phase compositions and at various temperatures was investigated by liquid chromatography. The observed relationships indicate reorientation of the analytes on the surface of the adsorbent with increase in temperature. This is explained by the formation of two types of chelate complexes similar in energy between the analytes and the silver ions. It agrees well with data calculated by the B3LYP/LANL2DZ method.__________Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimentalnaya Khimiya, Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 1–6, January–February, 2005.     

Quantum corrections to resistance of microblock tellurium at ultralow temperatures under phonon freezing conditions

The low-temperature magnetoresistance of bulk tellurium samples with a microcrystalline structure is investigated. At ultralow temperatures T ≤ 1 K, an anomalous positive magnetoresistance (APMR), viz. the antilocalization effect, is observed. It is shown that this effect can be explained using the weak localization theory. The characteristic parameters of the theory are determined. It is concluded that charge carriers produce a predominant effect on the phase breakdown time in the APMR mode of elastic scattering from structure defects, which leads to intervalley transitions without spin flip.     

Iterative algorithm for mathematical programming problems with preconvex constraints

An iterative algorithm is proposed for minimizing a convex function on a set defined as the set-theoretic difference between a convex set and the union of several convex sets. The convergence of the algorithm is proved in terms of necessary conditions for a local minimum.     

Investigation of Excitation of $${K}$$ Isomers $${}^{{179m2}}$$ Hf and $${}^{{180m}}$$ Hf in ( $${\gamma,\gamma^{\prime}}$$ ) Reactions

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - The weighted-average cross sections for $${}^{179m2}$$ Hf and $${}^{180m}$$ Hf population in ( $$\gamma,\gamma^{\prime}$$ ) reactions induced by gamma rays of...     

Using Low-Energy Electrons for the Radiation Treatment of Chilled Trout

Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters - Chilled minced trout has been treated by 1-MeV electron-beam irradiation using the UELR-1-25-T-001 industrial electron accelerator. The results of the...     

Numerical algorithm for solving mathematical programming problems with a smooth surface as a constraint

A numerical algorithm for minimizing a convex function on a smooth surface is proposed. The algorithm is based on reducing the original problem to a sequence of convex programming problems. Necessary extremum conditions are examined, and the convergence of the algorithm is analyzed.     

Acoustic-Emission Monitoring of the Deformation and Fracture of Metal–Composite Pressure Vessels

This paper presents the results of experimental studies of damage accumulation in a metal–composite pressure vessel by pneumatic strength tests. The deformation and fracture of the composite structure accompanied by matrix cracking and fiber rupture are analyzed. It is shown that the cracks and fractures generate acoustic-emission signals of various types. The results of acoustic-emission monitoring were used to develop a criterion for ranking vessels according to the strength characteristics of the pressure composite shell.