排序方式: 共有43条查询结果,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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Weber F Rosenkranz S Castellan JP Osborn R Hott R Heid R Bohnen KP Egami T Said AH Reznik D 《Physical review letters》2011,107(10):107403
We report inelastic x-ray scattering measurements of the temperature dependence of phonon dispersion in the prototypical charge-density-wave (CDW) compound 2H-NbSe2. Surprisingly, acoustic phonons soften to zero frequency and become overdamped over an extended region around the CDW wave vector. This extended phonon collapse is dramatically different from the sharp cusp in the phonon dispersion expected from Fermi surface nesting. Instead, our experiments, combined with ab initio calculations, show that it is the wave vector dependence of the electron-phonon coupling that drives the CDW formation in 2H-NbSe2 and determines its periodicity. This mechanism explains the so far enigmatic behavior of CDW in 2H-NbSe2 and may provide a new approach to other strongly correlated systems where electron-phonon coupling is important. 相似文献
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Clusters of galaxies are excellent probes of cosmic structure and evolution. X-ray studies of clusters provide some of their
key parameters, viz., temperature of the hot intra-cluster gas, its metallicity, X-ray luminosity and surface brightness giving
mass distribution and mass-flow rate in the case of cooling flows. X-ray measurements for a large sample of clusters have
lead to estimates of the total gravitating mass in them, which can be compared to the virial masses derived from dynamical
considerations and gravitational lensing in some of them. X-ray derived total masses are consistent with masses obtained from
the other methods after the effects due to the presence of cooling flows are taken into account in the analyses. Estimated
virial masses, lack of evolution in X-ray properties, and detection of several very hot clusters at high redshifts indicate
a Universe with a low value (≤ 0.3) for the Ω parameter. 相似文献
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Y. Chen S.Y. Tong M. Rocca P. Moretto U. Valbusa K.P. Bohnen K.M. Ho 《Surface science》1991,250(1-3):L389-L394
We present analysis of electron-energy loss spectra of Ag(001) using first-principles surface phonon and multiple scattering inelastic cross-section calculations. Excellent agreement with experiment is obtained. The study reveals a new longitudinal surface phonon at
which causes the measured loss peak to shift as the incident energy is varied. These results demonstrate the importance of using accurate theory for proper interpretation of EELS spectra and indicate that force-constant models with adjustable parameters may be misleading. 相似文献
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Handan Yildirim Abdelkader Kara Talat S. Rahman Rolf Heid Klaus-Peter Bohnen 《Surface science》2010,604(3-4):308-317
We present vibrational dynamics and thermodynamics for the (1 0 0) surfaces of Cu, Ag, Pd, Pt and Au using a real space approach. The force field for these systems is described by density functional theory. The changes in the vibrational dynamics and thermodynamics from those in bulk are confined mostly to the first-layer. A substantial enhancement of the low-frequency end of the acoustic branch was found and is related to a loosening of the bond at the surface. The thermodynamics of the first-layer also show significant differences (higher heat capacity, lower free energy and higher mean vibrational square amplitudes) from what obtains in bulk. Comparing these results with those calculated using embedded-atom method potentials, we discovered that for Ag(1 0 0) and Cu(1 0 0), the two methods yield very similar results while for Pd(1 0 0), Pt(1 0 0) and Au(1 0 0) there are substantial differences. 相似文献
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Using first-principles total-energy calculations the lattice relaxation, surface energy, work function and surface phonons have been determined for the Pt(100)-surface. Calculation of forces allows for a very efficient determination of equilibrium geometries and interplanar force constants. Results will be presented and compared with available experimental information. 相似文献
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We present a detailed study of the lattice dynamics and electron-phonon coupling for a (3,3) carbon nanotube which belongs to the class of small diameter based nanotubes which have recently been claimed to be superconducting. We treat the electronic and phononic degrees of freedom completely by modern ab initio methods without involving approximations beyond the local density approximation. Using density functional perturbation theory we find a mean-field Peierls transition temperature of approximately 240 K which is an order of magnitude larger than the calculated superconducting transition temperature. Thus in (3,3) tubes the Peierls transition might compete with superconductivity. The Peierls instability is related to the special 2k(F) nesting feature of the Fermi surface. Because of the special topology of the (n,n) tubes we also find a phonon softening at the Gamma point. 相似文献
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Sklyadneva IY Benedek G Chulkov EV Echenique PM Heid R Bohnen KP Toennies JP 《Physical review letters》2011,107(9):095502
The electron-phonon coupling (EPC) strength for each phonon mode in superconducting Pb films is measured by inelastic helium atom scattering (IHAS). This surprising ability of IHAS relies on two facts: (a) In ultrathin metal films, the EPC range exceeds the film thickness, thus enabling IHAS to detect most film phonons, even 1 nm below the surface; (b) IHAS scattering amplitudes from single phonons are shown, by first-principle arguments, to be proportional to the respective EPC strengths. Thus IHAS is the first experiment providing mode-selected EPC strengths (mode-lambda spectroscopy). 相似文献