超新星中微子探测

 1987 年2 月23 日,天体物理学家目睹了400 年来最亮的一次超新星爆发。该超新星位于大麦哲伦云内,是自1604 年探测到开普勒超新星以来观测到的最明亮的超新星爆发,肉眼可见,由于这是1987 年发现的第一颗超新星,因而被命名为“SN1987A”。     

Effects of injection beam parameters and foil scattering for CSNS/RCS

The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) uses H- stripping and phase space painting method to fill a large ring acceptance with a small emittance linac beam. The dependence of the painting beam on the injection beam parameters was studied for the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS). The simulation study was done for injection with different momentum spreads, different rms emittances of the injection beam, and different matching conditions. Then, the beam loss, 99% and rms emittances were obtained, and the optimized injection beam parameters were given. The interaction between H- beam and stripping foil was studied, and the effect of foil scattering was simulated. The stripping efficiency was calculated and the suitable thickness of stripping foil was obtained. In addition, the energy deposition on the foil and the beam loss due to the foil scattering were also studied.     

超新星中微子

 根据中外天文学史专家对东方、阿拉伯和欧洲大量古代记载的分析,在望远镜发明之前,人类历史上记录可靠的超新星共有七颗,它们出现的时间和星座分别为:185年在半人马座、393年在天蝎座、1006年在豺狼座、1054年在金牛座、1181年在仙后座、1572年在仙后座、1604年在蛇夫座。     

Supernova neutrino detection on earth

In this paper, we first discuss the detection of supernova neutrinos on earth. Then we propose a possible method to acquire information about θ13 smaller than 1.5° by detecting the ratio of the event numbers of different flavor supernova neutrinos. Such an sensitivity cannot yet be achieved by the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment.     

散裂中子源上的中微子研究

正一、中微子与散裂中子源20世纪以来,在全世界物理学家孜孜不倦地研究下,中微子物理和实验研究不断取得进步,共有4次重大研究进展斩获诺贝尔物理学奖。1930年,奥地利物理学家泡利(W.Pauli)为解释贝塔衰变中能量似乎不守恒,提出了中微子的概念,开创了中微子物理学。1956年,美国物理学家莱因斯(F.Reines)和柯温(C.Cowan)在反应堆中第一次探测到电子     

利用大亚湾中微子实验装置探测超新星中微子

在利用大亚湾中微子实验装置研究超新星中微子探测过程中, 需要考虑到中微子传播过程中受到各种效应的影响, 包括超新星震荡效应、中微子集体效应、 Mikheyev Smirnov Wolfenstein (MSW)效应和地球物质效应等。 由于超新星中微子受到这些效应, 不同味道的中微子之间振荡会发生变化, 因而利用探测某些超新星中微子事例数之比, 就有可能确定中微子的质量层次,得到中微子混合角θ13和中微子绝对质量的信息。 While detecting supernova neutrinos in the Daya Bay neutrino laboratory, several supernova neutrino effects need to be considered, including the supernova shock effects, the neutrino collective effects, the Mikheyev Smirnov Wolfenstein (MSW) effects, and the Earth matter effects. The phenomena of neutrino oscillation is affected by the above effects. Using some ratios of the event numbers of different supernova neutrinos, we propose some possible methods to identify the mass hierarchy and acquire information about the neutrino mixing angle θ13 and neutrino masses.     

Detection of Supernova Neutrinos on the Earth for Large θ_(13)

Supernova （SN） neutrinos detected on the Earth are subject to the shock wave effects, the Mikheyev- Smirnov-Wolfenstein （MSW） effects, the neutrino collective effects and the Earth matter effects. Considering the recent experimental result about the large mixing angle 013 （-8.8°） provided by the Daya Bay Collaboration and applying the available knowledge for the neutrino conversion probability in the high resonance region of SN, PH , which is in the form of hypergeometric function in the case of large 813, we deduce the expression of PH taking into account the shock wave effects. It is found that PH is not zero in a certain range of time due to the shock wave effects. After considering all the four physical effects and scanning relevant parameters, we calculate the event numbers of SN neutrinos for the ＂Garehing＂ distribution of neutrino energy spectrum. From the numerical results, it is found that the behaviors of neutrino event numbers detected on the Earth depend on the neutrino mass hierarchy and neutrino spectrum parameters including the dimensionless pinching parameter βa （where a refers to neutrino flavor）, the average energy 〈Ea〉, and the SN neutrino luminosities La. Finally, we give the ranges of SN neutrino event numbers that will be detected at the Daya Bay experiment.     

中国散裂中子源加速器束流引出调试和束损优化

引出系统是中国散裂中子源快循环同步加速器的核心组成部分，对束流精确打靶和加速器稳定运行具有重要意义。首先，详细介绍了快循环同步加速器的引出系统和束流引出方案，重点介绍了一些引出系统相关的关键技术。其次，对引出束流调试进行深入研究，包括纵向束流调试、横向束流调试、引出束流分布优化等，其中纵向束流调试主要针对8个引出Kicker定时进行精确标定，横向束流调试主要指Lambertson型磁铁、8个Kicker磁铁、高能输运线模式的匹配设置。最后，对引出束流束损进行深入研究和针对性优化，探索引出束流损失的各种来源，对Lambertson型磁铁漏场、引出束团长度、Kicker波形平顶、Kicker波形变化进行深入研究并对一些新的测量方法进行详细论述。同时，对Lambertson型磁铁入口产生超大辐射热点的现象进行深入研究，寻找其产生大量束流损失的根源，并提出最终解决方案，降低引出束流损失和辐射剂量，使其满足加速器运行要求。