核磁共振原理及其应用

 1946年以美国物理学家布洛赫(F.Bloch)和普舍尔(E.M.Purcell)为首的两个小组几乎在同一时间,用不同的方法各自独立地发现了物质的核磁共振(NMR)现象,后来两人合作制造了世界上第一台核磁共振谱仪。1952年他们二人因此获得了诺贝尔物理奖。所谓核磁共振是根据处在某个静磁场中的物质原子核系统受到相应频率的电磁波作用时,在它们的磁能级间产生共振跃迁的原理而采取的一种新技术。核磁共振技术自创始以来经过了60年代连续波谱仪的大发展时代,以及70年代的脉冲傅里叶变换核磁共振和核磁双共振时代,近年来发展的多核NMR,多脉冲NMR,二维NMR和固体NMR在理论和实践上都取得了迅速发展。     

Study of lower emittance dedicated synchrotron radiation mode for the BEPCⅡ

In this paper,a dedicated synchrotron radiation （SR） mode for the BEPCⅡ with an emittance of 85 nm has been designed,including the linear lattice,chromaticity correction and dynamic aperture optimization.The emittance of the new mode is about 60% of the previous mode used for routine operation of the BEPCⅡ .The effect of wigglers on the linear lattice was compensated and the total dynamic aperture including the wigglers’ nonlinear effect was estimated.The preliminary commissioning at the end of 2008 and the formal operation with the new mode confirmed its merits.     

基于DenseNet的散射成像景深拓展研究

针对拼接干涉测量技术除了引入拼接误差，还将引入机械运动误差的问题，为此提出一种X射线反射镜的非零位干涉测量方法，无需拼接便可实现零回程误差的高精度干涉测量。利用一块高精度平面镜来标定干涉系统在全视场范围内的回程误差。通过将待测非球面镜划分成多个子孔径，每个子孔径可近似看作一个平面，这样可以从标定数据库中找到该子孔径所对应的回程误差，通过简单的矩阵拼接可得到整个待测非球面镜的回程误差。以X射线椭圆柱面反射镜为例进行实验，实现X射线椭圆柱面反射镜非零位干涉测量面形的回程误差有效标定，相比于拼接干涉测量方法二者结果一致性较好，证实所提方法的正确性。     

Analytical estimation of ATF beam halo distribution

In order to study the backgrounds in the ATF2 beam line and the interaction point (IP), this paper has developed an analytical method to give an estimation of the ATF beam halo distribution based on K. Hirata and K. Yokoya''s theory. The equilibrium particle distribution of the beam tail in the ATF damping ring is presented, with each electron affected by several stochastic processes such as beam-gas scattering, beam-gas bremsstrahlung and intra-beam scattering, in addition to the synchrotron radiation damping effects. This is a general method which can also be applied to other electron rings.     

Single-bunch emittance dilution in the perfect ILC main linac

In the ILC (International Linear Collider) main linac, low emittance preservation is the most important issue for beam dynamics study. As the main sources of emittance dilution, the dispersive and wakefield effects were studied in this paper. The theoretical calculations and numerical simulations of these two effects on single-bunch emittance dilution, without any misalignment errors, are presented in detail.     

基于DenseNet的散射成像景深拓展研究

散射现象广泛存在于自然界中。透过散射介质的大景深成像在计算成像领域具有重要的意义和应用价值。近年来,随着深度学习在计算成像领域的广泛应用,散射成像系统中的景深问题亟待进一步研究和拓展。以DenseNet为基础,结合UNet框架,建立了一个具有良好迁移性和景深拓展能力的深度卷积神经网络模型——DUNet。通过使用透过不同目数毛玻璃的散斑图像对网络进行训练,使成像景深拓展至距焦面50 mm处。初步的小鼠脑片实验结果表明,DUNet模型将有望应用于深层组织断层扫描。     

Beam dynamics studies on BEPC-Ⅱ storage rings at the commissioning stage

During the 1 st and 2 nd stages of the commissioning of the upgrade project of the Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPCⅡ), which started on Nov. 12, 2006 and Oct. 24, 2007, respectively, we got the luminosity one tenth of its design value, provided beams to synchrotron radiation users for about 4 months, and studied beam dynamics as well. In this paper, some beam dynamics studies on the storage rings and their preliminary results are given.     

Optimization parameter design of a circular e+e- Higgs factory

In this paper we will show a general method of how to make an optimized parameter design of a circular e⁺e^- Higgs factory by using analytical expression of maximum beam-beam parameter and beamstrahlung beam lifetime starting from a given design goal and technical limitations. A parameter space has been explored. Based on beam parameters scan and RF parameters scan, a set of optimized parameter designs for 50 km Circular Higgs Factory (CHF) with different RF frequency was proposed.     

Mitigating the effects of higher order multipole fields in the magnets of the Accelerator Test Facility 2 at KEK

The ATF2 project is the final focus system prototype for the ILC and CLIC linear collider projects, with the purpose of reaching a 37nm vertical beam size at the interaction point. In the nanometer beam size regime, higher order multipoles in magnets become a crucial point for consideration. The strength and rotation angle of the ATF2 QEA magnets were reconstructed from the IHEP measurements and compared with the KEK ones to be identical. Based on the study of the skew multipoles sensitivity, we report on the analysis of the possible mitigation of the measured multipoles. A suggestion is given which will benefit the ATF2 present commissioning to reach the goal beam size, and also the reduced β optics in future.     

混沌——一门方兴未艾的科学

 混沌是20世纪90年代科学界最引人注目的研究热点之一。在物理学方面掀起了继相对论和量子力学以来基础科学的第三次大革命,从而在对世界的看法方面,改变了牛顿决定论的宇宙观,确定了偶然性在宇宙学、天体物理学、地质学、遗传学及社会学各不相同领域的重要地位。